Risk factors for surgical site infection in laryngeal cancer surgery

Abstract

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a significant factor of morbidity and mortality in patients surgically treated for laryngeal carcinoma. The aim of this prospective study in 277 patients was to determine the incidence of SSI in patients surgically treated for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to identify risk factors for development of SSI. Patients with previous chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were excluded. All patients had tracheostomy postoperatively and received antibiotic prophylaxis with cephalosporin, aminoglycoside and metronidazole. The overall incidence of SSIs in our cohort was 6.5% (18 patients): 4 (22.22%) patients with superficial infections, 11 (61.11%) with deep infections and 3 (16.66%) with organ-space infections. The remaining infections included pneumonia (1 case) and Clostridium difficile colitis (2 cases). The median hospital stay in patients having developed SSIs was longer than in those without SSIs (33.5 vs. 16 days, p<0.001). By using univariate analysis American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥3, duration of surgery longer than 120 minutes and National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance risk index ≥1 were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of SSI. Age, sex, body mass index, history of smoking, underlying diabetes and preoperative length of stay were found not to be associated with SSI. The most frequently isolated microorganism was Klebsiella spp.