Comparison of biofilm-producing ability of clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis species complex

Abstract

Objective: Candida parapsilosis is one of the main emerging non-Candida albicans species leading to superficial and systemic fungal infections in humans. Candida has the ability to produce biofilms associated with pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to estimate biofilm-producing ability of clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis sp. complex. Methods: Clinical samples of C. parapsilosis complex have been analyzed. Crystal violet (CV) staining and tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT) have been used to analyze the clinical isolates ability to produce biofilms. The biofilm's structural characteristics have been assessed by using scanning electron microscopy. Results: All 65 isolates were able to form biofilm. In addition, no significant difference was found between biofilm quantification based on two assays at different time intervals (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h) (P > 0.05), with the exception of Candida orthopsilosis, which exhibited higher metabolic activity at 24 h time point (P < 0.05). Moreover, metabolic activity and production of biofilm biomass demonstrated statistically significant correlation (r = 0.685, P < 0.01). According to microscopic observations, the investigated clinical strains formed the similar surface topography with the slight differences in morphology; in addition, there was no statistically significant difference between efficiency of two assays to quantify biofilm. Conclusion: It was shown that, similar to C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, two cryptic identified species (C. orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis) obtained from different clinical samples, were biofilm producers, while C. parapsilosis sensu stricto exhibited the highest biofilm production. © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS