Prognostic Significance of Cereblon Expression in Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

Within a personalized treatment approach in multiple myeloma (MM), the prognostic significance of cereblon (CRBN) expression was analyzed in 92 newly diagnosed patients. In patients treated with thalidomide-based combinations, CRBN expression significantly affected the treatment response (P = .028) and progression-free survival (P = .017). With implications for the treatment outcome, measurement of CRBN expression might represent an additional prognostic tool in a personalized treatment approach. Background To personalize the treatment approach for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), molecular markers such as cereblon (CRBN) are currently the focus of investigation. The aim of the present study was to test the prognostic significance of CRBN expression in MM patients ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients and Methods The data from 92 previously untreated patients were analyzed. The distribution according to the International Staging System score was 26.1%, 30.4%, and 43.5% with a score of 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Thalidomide- and bortezomib-based combinations were used in 83.7% and 16.3% of the patients, respectively. Results A treatment response (complete remission, very good partial remission, partial remission) was achieved in 83.7% of the patients and correlated with high CRBN expression (P = .006), mainly in the patients treated with thalidomide (P = .028). Low CRBN expression affected progression-free survival (PFS; P = .017) but not overall survival (OS) in patients treated with thalidomide and had no influence on OS in the bortezomib group. In the Cox regression model, low CRBN expression was the most important prognostic parameter that influenced PFS in the thalidomide-treated patients (P = .012). Conclusion CRBN expression is of prognostic value in MM patients ineligible for ASCT treated with thalidomide as an immunomodulatory drug. With low expression indicating a possible suboptimal treatment outcome, measurement of CRBN expression might serve as additional prognostic tool in the personalized treatment approach. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.