A Survival Analysis with Identification of Prognostic Factors in a Series of 110 Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Before and After Introduction of the Stupp Regimen: A Single-Center Observational Study

Abstract

Background Current treatment protocol for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is based on maximal safe resection followed by the Stupp protocol. In Serbia, temozolomide was introduced as adjuvant therapy in 2011. The aims of this study were to confirm the safety and efficacy on overall and progression-free survival of the Stupp protocol and evaluate the influence of prognostic factors in one of the largest series of patients with GBM treated over a 2-year period. Methods Between January 2010 and December 2012, 110 patients with newly diagnosed GBM underwent surgical removal at the Neurooncology Department of the Clinic Center of Serbia. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to postoperative treatment. Group A (n = 24 patients), treated before January 2011, received adjuvant standard radiation therapy and carmustine (bis-chloroethyl-nitrosourea), and group B (n = 86 patients), treated after January 2011, received postoperative treatment according to the Stupp protocol. Results The Stupp protocol had a significant favorable impact on overall survival at 1-year follow-up (79.1% in group B vs. 62.5% in group A; P = 0.016); no differences were noted in regard to progression-free survival. Multivariate analysis identified younger age and gross total resection of tumor as positive prognostic factors. Conclusions Adoption of the Stupp protocol had a favorable impact on overall, but not on progression-free, survival rate. Wider surgical resection involving the peritumoral brain zone, as confirmed by univariate and multivariate analysis, represents the most favorable prognostic factor. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.