Ispitivanje 'sindroma sagorevanja na poslu' anesteziologa, zaposlenih u ustanovama tercijarnog nivoa zdravstvene zaštite u Beogradu

Abstract

Ciljevi ove studije bili su procena prevalence “sindroma sagorevanja na poslu” anesteziologa zaposlenih u Beogradskim zdravstvenim ustanovama tercijarnog nivoa. Poseban cilj se odnosio na dvosmerno prevođenje, kulturološku adaptaciju i ocenu pouzdanosti i valjanosti instrumenta merenja, upitnika - Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Osim toga, utvrđivana je povezanost samoprocene zdravstvenog stanja, skala zamora, kvaliteta života i depresivnosti sa skalama upitnika MBI-HSS, kao i povezanosti socijalnih, demografskih, ekonomskih kao i karakteristika radnog mesta, sa sindromom sagorevanja. Metod: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao studija preseka, tokom septembra i oktobra 2013. godine, u 10 ustanova tercijarne zdravstvene zaštite u Beogradu. U istraživanje su uključeni svi zaposleni anesteziolozi sa punim radnim vremenom, koji su dobrovoljno pristali da učestvuju u anonimnom istraživanju. Prema poslednjim dostupnim podacima ukupno ih je 271. Kriterijumi za isključivanje iz studije bili su:diskontinuitet u radu duži od jedne godine, poput dužih studijskih boravaka u inostranstvu, duža bolovanja ili višestruke promene radnog mesta u poslednjih 5 godina; izloženost većoj psihofizičkoj traumi, nezavisnoj od profesionalnog okruženja kao i neslaganje sa učestvovanjem u istraživanju. U posebno dizajniranom upitniku za potrebe ovog istraživanja, pored sociodemografskih i ekonomskih karakteristika naših ispitanika, uvrštene su i varijable o karakteristikama radnog okruženja, kao i o namerama za nastavak karijere u inostranstvu.U procesu merenja subjektivne percepcije zdravlja i kvaliteta života, kao i procene uticaja unutrašnjih faktora (varijable koje oslikavaju odlike ličnosti, način prihvatanja svoje uloge, modele ponašanja u odgovoru na radno okruženje, pojavu depresije), korišćena su još četiri merna instrumenata, lingvistički adaptirane srpske verzije standardizovanih skala i upitnika: Maslaš upitnik za procenu sindroma sagorevanja na poslu (eng. Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey, MBI-HSS), Bekova skala depresivnosti (eng. Beck's Depression Inventory, BDI), Generički upitnik za procenu kvaliteta života povezanog sa zdravljem SF-36 (eng. 36-item short-form health questionnaire) i Krupova skala zamora (eng. Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS). U statističkoj obradi podataka su korišćene metode deskriptivne statistike, χ2 test, studentov t-test, analiza varijanse (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis-ov test, korelaciona kao i multivarijantna regresiona analiza... The objectives of this study were the evaluation of the prevalence of naesthesiologists syndrome employed in tertiary level Belgrade health institutions. The specific objective concerned translation, cultural adaptation and assessment of the reliability and validity of the instrument, the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Moreover, our aims were determination and correlation between self-assessment of health status, scale fatigue, depression and quality of life with MBI-HSS, as well as the connection between social, demographic, economic and job characteristics with burnout syndrome. Method: The study was conducted as a cross sectional study, during September and October 2013, at 10 tertiary health care institutions in Belgrade. The survey includes all full time employed anesthesiologists, who have volunteered to participate in an anonymous survey. According to the latest available data, 271 of them . The criteria for exclusion from the study were: work discontinuity in more than one year, such as longer study stays abroad, longer sick leave or multiple workplace change over the past 5 years, exposure to greater mental and physical trauma, independent from a professional environment as well as disagreement with participation in research. In a specially designed questionnaire for this study purposes, in addition to socio- demographic and economic characteristics of our respondents, variables on the characteristics of the work environment were included, as well as intentions to continue career abroad. In the process of measuring the subjective perception of health and quality of life, as well as assess the impact of internal factors (variables that reflect the characteristics of the personality, the way of accepting their roles, patterns of behavior in response to the working environment, the emergence of depression) we used four other instruments, linguistically adapted Serbian versions of standardized scales and questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), a 36-item short-form health questionnaire (SF- 36) and Fatigue Severity Scale, (FSS). The statistical analysis used descriptive statistics, χ2 test, Student’s t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis’s test, correlation and multivariate regression analysis.