The absence of the ST-segment elevation in acute coronary artery thrombosis: What does not fit, the patient or the explanation?

Abstract

In a few patients with acute proximal thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), tall ischemic T waves never evolve into ST-segment elevation. This was recently inaccurately reported as a "novel sign" of proximal LAD occlusion. It has been speculated that the absence of ST-segment elevation could be attributed to the large area of transmural ischemia, the anatomic variant of Purkinje fibers, or to lack of activation of sarcolemal adenosine triphosphate-potassium channels. This electrocardiographic picture was recently explained by changes in the subendocardial but not in the epicardial action potential, suggesting subendocardial ischemia as the underlying mechanism. We present a patient with thrombotic lesion of proximal LAD, static precordial ST-segment depression, and tall T waves who underwent primary percutaneous intervention and stent placement. Surprisingly, total thrombotic stent occlusion on the following day was associated with ST-segment elevation in precordial leads, indeed supporting the concept of the regional subendocardial ischemia that was first described more than a decade ago.