Browsing by Author "Zoric, Lepsa (14012212300)"

Purpose. Cataract formation represents a serious problem in the elderly, and has a large impact on healthcare budget. The oxidative stress form and intensity might determine the cataract type and pigmentation, making efforts in the cataract prevention challenge more complex. Methods. This is a retrospective cross-sectional review of 80 samples of aqueous humor and lens corticonuclear blocks. Aqueous samples were analyzed by the method of antioxidant activity estimation (%iMDA), while lipid peroxides (LP) and total sulfhydryl groups (TSH) were determined in lenses. Results. Mixed and brunescent cataracts have statistically significant lower values of antioxidative %iMDA and TSH (p<0.001 for both parameters) and higher values of lipid peroxidation (p<0.001). No correlation between LP and TSH with maturity of cortical cataract was found, but there was a significant correlation with the %iMDA (p<0.05). Conclusions. The role of the oxidative stress in cataractogenesis could not be the same for all cataract types. High level of lipid peroxides in pigmented cataracts may point to the different nature of pigment source than proteins solely, whereas lipid peroxidation and SH groups consumption in cortical cataractogenesis might be of less importance. © Wichtig Editore, 2008.

PURPOSE. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) seems to be a systemic condition. However, to an ophthalmologist it represents a continual challenge, due to unclear etiology and pathogenesis, and because of a potential for development of an aggressive glaucoma, and cataract surgery complications. According to some findings, PES could be a factor of hastened aging, which means that it could be considered as a secondary aging factor. METHODS. Frequencies of secondary aging diseases (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic myocardiopathy, chronic obstructive lung diseases, arterial hypertension, and PES) were investigated in 162 patients with age-related cataract and 55 age- and sex-matched control subjects, and analyzed by a logistic regression. The authors also determined elements of antioxidative protection in a group of sera from patients with cataract and PES, and compared them to those obtained from patients with cataract without PES (activity of catalase and peroxidase, glutathione, vitamins C and E), and total antioxidative protection (%iMDA). Antioxidant defense of aqueous humors, expressed as a rate of induced malondialdehyde (%iMDA), and total thiol groups in the lens corticonuclear blocks (TSH) were estimated in samples of 17 patients with PES and cataract and 55 patients with cataract only. RESULTS. Logistic regression showed the highest odds ratio for PES (OR=4.516; p<0.05). Catalytic activity of serum catalase had significantly lower values in patients with PES (p<0.05). Antioxidative defense of aqueous humor and lens had lower values in patients with PES. CONCLUSIONS. The results indicate that PES might be a significant factor for cataractogenesis. At least a part of pathogenesis alterations in an eye with PES could be the result of higher intensity of oxidative stress. © Wichtig Editore, 2006.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, degenerative and progressive disease involving the multiple genetic and environmental factors that can result in severe visual loss. The etiology of AMD is not well understood. Many theories exist and feature mechanisms of oxidative stress, atherosclerotic-like changes, genetic predisposition and inflammation. The most recent clinical studies appointed to a great role of inflammation and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the pathogenesis of AMD. There is a large body of evidence indicating the association of CRP with endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as with lipid status disorder in AMD patients. According to recent studies, CRP is definitely not only the inflammatory marker but also a mediator of development of the vascular disorders in the retinal circulation. The results obtained from the present studies may help our understanding the pathogenesis of the retinal vascular disease associated with high levels of CRP.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, degenerative and progressive disease involving the multiple genetic and environmental factors that can result in severe visual loss. The etiology of AMD is not well understood. Many theories exist and feature mechanisms of oxidative stress, atherosclerotic-like changes, genetic predisposition and inflammation. The most recent clinical studies appointed to a great role of inflammation and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the pathogenesis of AMD. There is a large body of evidence indicating the association of CRP with endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as with lipid status disorder in AMD patients. According to recent studies, CRP is definitely not only the inflammatory marker but also a mediator of development of the vascular disorders in the retinal circulation. The results obtained from the present studies may help our understanding the pathogenesis of the retinal vascular disease associated with high levels of CRP.