Browsing by Author "Zikic, Dejan (55885785200)"

The photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal is widely measured by clinical and consumer devices, and it is emerging as a potential tool for assessing vascular age. The shape and timing of the PPG pulse wave are both influenced by normal vascular aging, changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure, and atherosclerosis. This review summarizes research into assessing vascular age from the PPG. Three categories of approaches are described: 1) those which use a single PPG signal (based on pulse wave analysis), 2) those which use multiple PPG signals (such as pulse transit time measurement), and 3) those which use PPG and other signals (such as pulse arrival time measurement). Evidence is then presented on the performance, repeatability and reproducibility, and clinical utility of PPG-derived parameters of vascular age. Finally, the review outlines key directions for future research to realize the full potential of photoplethysmography for assessing vascular age. © 2022 American Physiological Society. All rights reserved.

The photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal is widely measured by clinical and consumer devices, and it is emerging as a potential tool for assessing vascular age. The shape and timing of the PPG pulse wave are both influenced by normal vascular aging, changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure, and atherosclerosis. This review summarizes research into assessing vascular age from the PPG. Three categories of approaches are described: 1) those which use a single PPG signal (based on pulse wave analysis), 2) those which use multiple PPG signals (such as pulse transit time measurement), and 3) those which use PPG and other signals (such as pulse arrival time measurement). Evidence is then presented on the performance, repeatability and reproducibility, and clinical utility of PPG-derived parameters of vascular age. Finally, the review outlines key directions for future research to realize the full potential of photoplethysmography for assessing vascular age. © 2022 American Physiological Society. All rights reserved.

Objective: To examine differences in lung function among sports that are of a similar nature and to determine which anthropometric/demographic characteristics correlate with lung volumes and flows. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving elite male athletes (N = 150; mean age, 21 ± 4 years) engaging in one of four different sports, classified according to the type and intensity of exercise involved. All athletes underwent full anthropometric assessment and pulmonary function testing (spirometry). Results: Across all age groups and sport types, the elite athletes showed spirometric values that were significantly higher than the reference values. We found that the values for FVC, FEV1, vital capacity, and maximal voluntary ventilation were higher in water polo players than in players of the other sports evaluated (p < 0.001). In addition, PEF was significantly higher in basketball players than in handball players (p < 0.001). Most anthropometric/ demographic parameters correlated significantly with the spirometric parameters evaluated. We found that BMI correlated positively with all of the spirometric parameters evaluated (p < 0.001), the strongest of those correlations being between BMI and maximal voluntary ventilation (r = 0.46; p < 0.001). Conversely, the percentage of body fat correlated negatively with all of the spirometric parameters evaluated, correlating most significantly with FEV1 (r = −0.386; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the type of sport played has a significant impact on the physiological adaptation of the respiratory system. That knowledge is particularly important when athletes present with respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. Because sports medicine physicians use predicted (reference) values for spirometric parameters, the risk that the severity of restrictive disease or airway obstruction will be underestimated might be greater for athletes. © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia.

In war, many people are not directly hurt, but they feel fear of various intensities for a long time. The response of the cardiovascular autonomic system to these conditions, produced by the bombardment of Yugoslav cities by NATO for 78 days in spring 1999, was investigated. A group of 12 active medical professionals was examined 1 and 5 weeks after the beginning of bombardment and 10 days after the end of bombardment by spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Two types of cardiovascular autonomic responses emerged. One type included a fast reaction and then adaptation; the increased activity of symphaticus compared to parasymphaticus in the beginning of war was followed by a balance of these activities after 1 month and a small increase immediately after the end of bombardment. The other type did not show an increased activity of symphaticus compared to parasymphaticus during the war, but at the end of bombardment the prevalence of vagal tone was observed. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.

In war, many people are not directly hurt, but they feel fear of various intensities for a long time. The response of the cardiovascular autonomic system to these conditions, produced by the bombardment of Yugoslav cities by NATO for 78 days in spring 1999, was investigated. A group of 12 active medical professionals was examined 1 and 5 weeks after the beginning of bombardment and 10 days after the end of bombardment by spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Two types of cardiovascular autonomic responses emerged. One type included a fast reaction and then adaptation; the increased activity of symphaticus compared to parasymphaticus in the beginning of war was followed by a balance of these activities after 1 month and a small increase immediately after the end of bombardment. The other type did not show an increased activity of symphaticus compared to parasymphaticus during the war, but at the end of bombardment the prevalence of vagal tone was observed. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.