Browsing by Author "Zecevic, N. (57198208547)"

Objective: First trial of estimating values of scans of fetal heart structures (FHS) in first trimester of pregnancy, as more primary facts of possible chromosomopathies. Materials and Methods: The study included 2,643 fetuses that were examined in first trimester of pregnancy on Sono CT convex (C5-2MHz), endovaginal (ev 8-4MHz), and linear transducers (L12-5MHz) during a period of eight years. Fetal heart was evaluated using appropriate software with broad-band transducers and color Doppler, Sono CT, and HD ZOOM technologies. The scan was performed by three experienced physicians. FHS were based on: left and right ventricle morphology; AV valves (atrioventricular) position and existence of primal ostium; relationship of left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT) and right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) and great vessels on three vessel view (3VV) and estimation of ductal and aortic arch. Results: Several developments, one being the ability to identify fetuses at risk for cardiac defects combining nuchal translucency (NT), ductus venosus (DV) Doppler, and evaluation of tricuspid regurgitation, have prompted reconsideration of the role of the first trimester prognostic factor of fetal evaluation. In low-risk pregnancies group, 36 (1.8%) fetuses were found to have congenital heart disease (CHD), and in high-risk pregnancies the number of fetuses with CHD was 75 (12%). Genetic amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed in all fetuses with CHD. Forty-two (37.8%) fetuses with CHD were found to have chromosomal anomalies. Out of 111 fetuses with CHD 39 (35.1%) had an nuchal translucency (NT) above three mm. Out of 42 fetuses with chromosomal anomalies and CHD, 29 (69%) had an increased NT. Conclusion: Using first trimester fetal echosonography constitutes a further step in the earlier recognition of chromosomopathies, even in low risk groups. Still further steps are necessary as all facts of good clinical practice. In order to offer further benefits during pregnancies, improvements in diagnostics are still required.

Purpose of investigation: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of complications in pregnancy and during delivery, as well as neonatal outcomes, in women who underwent in vitro fertilization (iVF) and who are 40 years of age or older. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study. The study group consisted of 29 women who underwent IVF. The control group consisted of 32 women who had a spontaneous pregnancy. Results: Pregnancy complications occurred in 86.21% of women in the study group, and in 46.87% of women in the control group. The proportion of cesarean sections (CS) was 84.62% in the study group, and 21.87% in the control group. Birth weight < 1,500 grams and < 2,500 grams was present in 17.16% and 22.86% of newborns in the study group, re-spectively. In the control group, birth weight < 1,500 grams and < 2,500 grams was present in 5.55% and 8.33% of newborns, respectively. Neonatal intensive care unit admissions included 22.86% newborns from the study group and 8.33% from the control group. Conclusion: Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal complications were more frequent in the study (IVF) group.