Browsing by Author "Willems, Sara (7006105514)"

Emerging literature is highlighting the huge toll of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline health workers. However, prior to the crisis, the wellbeing of this group was already of concern. The aim of this paper is to describe the frequency of distress and wellbeing, measured by the expanded 9-item Mayo Clinic Wellbeing Index (eWBI), among general practitioners/family physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify levers to mitigate the risk of distress. Data were collected by means of an online self-reported questionnaire among GP practices. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software using Version 7 of the database, which consisted of the cleaned data of 33 countries available as of 3 November 2021. Data from 3711 respondents were included. eWBI scores ranged from −2 to 9, with a median of 3. Using a cutoff of ≥2, 64.5% of respondents were considered at risk of distress. GPs with less experience, in smaller practices, and with more vulnerable patient populations were at a higher risk of distress. Significant differences in wellbeing scores were noted between countries. Collaboration from other practices and perception of having adequate governmental support were significant protective factors for distress. It is necessary to address practice-and system-level organizational factors in order to enhance wellbeing and support primary care physicians. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Emerging literature is highlighting the huge toll of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline health workers. However, prior to the crisis, the wellbeing of this group was already of concern. The aim of this paper is to describe the frequency of distress and wellbeing, measured by the expanded 9-item Mayo Clinic Wellbeing Index (eWBI), among general practitioners/family physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify levers to mitigate the risk of distress. Data were collected by means of an online self-reported questionnaire among GP practices. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software using Version 7 of the database, which consisted of the cleaned data of 33 countries available as of 3 November 2021. Data from 3711 respondents were included. eWBI scores ranged from −2 to 9, with a median of 3. Using a cutoff of ≥2, 64.5% of respondents were considered at risk of distress. GPs with less experience, in smaller practices, and with more vulnerable patient populations were at a higher risk of distress. Significant differences in wellbeing scores were noted between countries. Collaboration from other practices and perception of having adequate governmental support were significant protective factors for distress. It is necessary to address practice-and system-level organizational factors in order to enhance wellbeing and support primary care physicians. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

BACKGROUND: Person-centred care (PCC) is a fundamental principle in general practice, emphasising practices tailored to individual patient preferences, needs, and values. Despite the importance of PCC, general practitioners (GPs) face obstacles in effectively implementing it, with associated factors remaining unclear. OBJECTIVES: The PACE GP/FP study aims to explore GPs' attitudes towards PCC and the factors facilitating or hindering its implementation in daily practice across European countries. This paper outlines the PACE GP/FP study protocol. METHODS: The cross-sectional design with data collection via an online survey distribution to GPs in 24 European countries. Study instruments include two validated questionnaires (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Patient Physician Orientation Scale (PPOS)) and additional items covering general information about the doctor and their practice, as well as facilitators and barriers to PCC. These additional items were specifically developed for the study, translated using the forward-backward method, evaluated through cognitive debriefing, and integrated into the REDCap platform to create language and country-specific survey links. The STROBE checklist guides the reporting of the manuscript. CONCLUSION: The PACE GP/FP study will provide a comprehensive exploration of GPs' attitudes towards PCC and the factors shaping its practice in Europe. The findings from the PACE GP/FP study will provide evidence for designing future implementation strategies and guide targeted interventions to promote PCC in primary care across Europe.

Background/Aims: This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the mental well-being of general practitioners (GPs) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. These findings are intended to provide valuable insights to primary care stakeholders about the potential need for support interventions. Materials and Methods: In the context of the international cross-sectional survey on primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic (PRICOV-19), our initial focus was on evaluating the appropriateness of employing the Mayo Clinic Well-Being Index (MWBI) for Serbian GPs. The Spearman test validated the correlation between the GPs’ scores of the MWBI and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS21) in the Serbian context. The univariate and multivariate linear regressions modeled the personal and job-related potential predictors of higher MWBI scores (p < 0.05). Results: A strong, positive, and significant correlation was found between the MWBI score; the total DASS21 score; and the scores for depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.001). In this pilot study, 71.3% of the GP respondents had poor mental well-being indicated with MWBI scores ≥ 2 (the mean was 3.3 ± 2.7). The likelihood of experiencing poor mental well-being among the GPs was found to be associated with decreases in their socioeconomic statuses (B = −0.893; p = 0.021). Furthermore, inadequate allocation of time for the review of scientific evidence and guidelines has been correlated with a decline in mental well-being among respondents (B = −1.137; p = 0.033). Conclusions: The MWBI effectively assessed GPs’ mental well-being amidst COVID-19 in Serbia. GPs with low socioeconomic statuses might most benefit from mental well-being support during crises. For better mental well-being, GPs need adequate time in their agendas to assess scientific evidence and adhere to established guidelines. © 2025 by the authors.

Background/Aims: This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the mental well-being of general practitioners (GPs) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. These findings are intended to provide valuable insights to primary care stakeholders about the potential need for support interventions. Materials and Methods: In the context of the international cross-sectional survey on primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic (PRICOV-19), our initial focus was on evaluating the appropriateness of employing the Mayo Clinic Well-Being Index (MWBI) for Serbian GPs. The Spearman test validated the correlation between the GPs’ scores of the MWBI and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS21) in the Serbian context. The univariate and multivariate linear regressions modeled the personal and job-related potential predictors of higher MWBI scores (p < 0.05). Results: A strong, positive, and significant correlation was found between the MWBI score; the total DASS21 score; and the scores for depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.001). In this pilot study, 71.3% of the GP respondents had poor mental well-being indicated with MWBI scores ≥ 2 (the mean was 3.3 ± 2.7). The likelihood of experiencing poor mental well-being among the GPs was found to be associated with decreases in their socioeconomic statuses (B = −0.893; p = 0.021). Furthermore, inadequate allocation of time for the review of scientific evidence and guidelines has been correlated with a decline in mental well-being among respondents (B = −1.137; p = 0.033). Conclusions: The MWBI effectively assessed GPs’ mental well-being amidst COVID-19 in Serbia. GPs with low socioeconomic statuses might most benefit from mental well-being support during crises. For better mental well-being, GPs need adequate time in their agendas to assess scientific evidence and adhere to established guidelines. © 2025 by the authors.

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is an evidence-based approach used to reduce the risk of infection transmission within the healthcare environment. Effective IPC practices ensure safe and quality healthcare. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for enhanced IPC measures and the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized the need for strict adherence to the basic principles of IPC. This paper aims to describe the IPC strategies implemented in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors that impact their adoption. Data were collected by means of an online self-reported questionnaire among general practices. Data from 4466 practices in 33 countries were included in the analysis. Our results showed a notable improvement in IPC during COVID-19 with more practices reporting that staff members never wore nail polish (increased from 34% to 46.2%); more practices reporting that staff never wear a ring/bracelet (increased from 16.1% to 32.3%); and more practices using a cleaning protocol (increased from 54.9% to 72.7%). Practice population size and the practice payment system were key factors related to adoption of a) range of IPC measures including patient flow arrangements and infrastructural elements. An understanding of the interplay between policy, culture, systemic supports, and behavior are necessary to obtain sustained improvement in IPC measures. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is an evidence-based approach used to reduce the risk of infection transmission within the healthcare environment. Effective IPC practices ensure safe and quality healthcare. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for enhanced IPC measures and the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized the need for strict adherence to the basic principles of IPC. This paper aims to describe the IPC strategies implemented in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors that impact their adoption. Data were collected by means of an online self-reported questionnaire among general practices. Data from 4466 practices in 33 countries were included in the analysis. Our results showed a notable improvement in IPC during COVID-19 with more practices reporting that staff members never wore nail polish (increased from 34% to 46.2%); more practices reporting that staff never wear a ring/bracelet (increased from 16.1% to 32.3%); and more practices using a cleaning protocol (increased from 54.9% to 72.7%). Practice population size and the practice payment system were key factors related to adoption of a) range of IPC measures including patient flow arrangements and infrastructural elements. An understanding of the interplay between policy, culture, systemic supports, and behavior are necessary to obtain sustained improvement in IPC measures. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations’ access to health care. By proactively reaching out to them, general practices attempted to prevent the underutilization of their services. This paper examined the association between practice and country characteristics and the organization of outreach work in general practices during COVID-19. Linear mixed model analyses with practices nested in countries were performed on the data of 4982 practices from 38 countries. A 4-item scale on outreach work was constructed as the outcome variable with a reliability of 0.77 and 0.97 at the practice and country level. The results showed that many practices set up outreach work, including extracting at least one list of patients with chronic conditions from their electronic medical record (30.1%); and performing telephone outreach to patients with chronic conditions (62.8%), a psychological vulnerability (35.6%), or possible situation of domestic violence or a child-rearing situation (17.2%). Outreach work was positively related to the availability of an administrative assistant or practice manager (p < 0.05) or paramedical support staff (p < 0.01). Other practice and country characteristics were not significantly associated with undertaking outreach work. Policy and financial interventions supporting general practices to organize outreach work should focus on the range of personnel available to support such practice activities. © 2023 by the authors.

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations’ access to health care. By proactively reaching out to them, general practices attempted to prevent the underutilization of their services. This paper examined the association between practice and country characteristics and the organization of outreach work in general practices during COVID-19. Linear mixed model analyses with practices nested in countries were performed on the data of 4982 practices from 38 countries. A 4-item scale on outreach work was constructed as the outcome variable with a reliability of 0.77 and 0.97 at the practice and country level. The results showed that many practices set up outreach work, including extracting at least one list of patients with chronic conditions from their electronic medical record (30.1%); and performing telephone outreach to patients with chronic conditions (62.8%), a psychological vulnerability (35.6%), or possible situation of domestic violence or a child-rearing situation (17.2%). Outreach work was positively related to the availability of an administrative assistant or practice manager (p < 0.05) or paramedical support staff (p < 0.01). Other practice and country characteristics were not significantly associated with undertaking outreach work. Policy and financial interventions supporting general practices to organize outreach work should focus on the range of personnel available to support such practice activities. © 2023 by the authors.