Browsing by Author "Vranes, Boris (8364487400)"

Objectives: To determine the possible factors associated with adolescent substance use in a country having recently experienced war. Methods: The survey applied the World Health Organization research protocol for cross-national survey - HBSC: A cross-sectional study among 1540 15-year old adolescents in Belgrade was conducted. The research instrument was a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Substance abuse is associated with living in a single parent family, living in a family without support, having a poor commitment to school, displaying aggressive behaviour, and spending a lot of time with friends. Conclusions: Factors associated with adolescent substance use include social background, family, school and peers. Such associations could help to focus on better me asures to eliminate or reduce the risk of substance use. © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2005.

Background Considering the morbidity of radical hysterectomy, the advent of fertility-sparing approaches, and the low risk of parametrial involvement in patients with early stage I cervical tumors, the benefit from parametrial resection is debatable. Objectives of this study were to determine factors predicting parametrial tumor spread and to define a group of patients who might be safely spared parametrial resection. Methods Pathology review was done on patients with stages IA2 and small IB1, treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Analysis was performed to determine factors associated with parametrial spread and to define risks of obeying parametrial resection. Results A total of 223 patients with tumors less than 20 mm in diameter were identified. Parametrial metastases were documented in 8 patients (3.6%); nodes, 1.3%; lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), 1.8%; contiguous spread, 0.9%. Of 211 (94.6%) patients with negative pelvic nodes, none had parametrial nodal involvement, 0.9% had LVSI, and 0.4% had contiguous spread. Factors associated with parametrial disease were deep cervical invasion, LVSI, tumor volume, and pelvic lymph node metastases (P < 0.01 for each). In patients without tumor LVSI and the depth of invasion was within the inner third, the rate of parametrial spread was 0.45%. Conclusions Our data show a risk of parametrial spread of 0.45% for tumors less than 20 mm in diameter, no LVSI, and a depth of invasion within the inner third. Patients wanting fertility preservation might be prepared to take this risk of recurrence. Morbidity after nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy is tolerably low, and for patients in whom fertility preservation is not an issue, this should be considered the standard of care. © 2016 by IGCS and ESGO.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Aim: To investigate the perception of professional risk from, and the knowledge, attitudes and practice of HCWs to HIV and AIDS in Serbia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1559 Serbian HCWs using self-administered anonymous questionnaires. Chi-square testing and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied. Results: Eighty-nine per cent of HCWs believed that they were at risk of acquiring HIV through occupational exposure. The perception of professional risk was higher among HCWs frequently exposed to patients' blood and body fluids (OR 7.9, 95% CI 4.4-14.5), who used additional personal protection if the HIV status of patient was known (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.5-4.6), who had experienced sharp injuries within the last year (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.8) or who had been tested for HIV (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.5), and among HCWs who had treated HIV-positive patients (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.8). The majority of respondents had deficient knowledge about modes of HIV transmission. Attitudes towards HIV-positive patients were significantly different by occupation. Seventy per cent of HCWs used appropriate protection during their daily work with patients. Conclusions: HCWs require specific educational programmes and training protocols to ensure that they are adequately protected when carrying out high quality care. © 2006 Oxford University Press.