Browsing by Author "Tmušić, Vladimir (57189214734)"

IgE-mediated food allergy affects 6-8% of children. Our study aimed to define the correlations between the results obtained with skin prick tests (SPTs) using commercial extracts and fresh foods, and the correlations between these result and those obtained with specific IgE (sIgE) and/ or challenge. Children aged from 2 months to 6 years were recruited prospectively. Overall 571 children were positive to one food. In all children we performed SPT using commercial extracts of suspected food and fresh foods and sIgE. If SPT and sIgE test results did not correspond to the history, we performed open oral food challenge. Sensitivity of SPT with commercial extracts for all tested food was poor (3-35%), while sensitivity of fresh food skin prick tests (FFSPT) was excellent (50-100%), and showed correlation with open oral food challenge (p<0.001). Our results suggest that fresh food extracts are more effective in detecting sensitization and with levels of sIgE greater than class 3 could predict clinical reactivity, without the need for potentially hazardous food challenges. Copyright © Spring 2017, Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. All rights reserved.

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can cause hypersensitivity reactions in children. These reactions are mainly cutaneous, self-limiting, and benign, but life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions can occur. Infections can lead to skin eruptions and mimic drug hypersensitivity reactions, if a drug is taken at the same time. The aims of our study were to confirm or rule out the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs in children and to detect an infection which mimics these reactions. Methods: A prospective survey was conducted in a group of 100 children with histories of hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs by performing patch tests, delayed-reading intradermal test, and, in case of negative results, challenge test. In all children, a study was performed to detect infections by viruses or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Results: Maculopapular exanthema and delayed-appearing urticaria were the most reported hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs. Sixty-six (66%) of 100 children had confirmed hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs. Fifty-nine children had positive patch test. No children had positive challenge tests. The most common AEDs causing hypersensitivity reactions were carbamazepine (45.4%) and lamotrigine (43.6%). Thirty-two children had positive tests for viruses or M pneumoniae, and nine of them had also a positive allergy work-up. Conclusion: Considering that there are no specific tests to distinguish between a viral infection and hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs in the acute phase, a diagnostic work-up should be performed in all children with suspected hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs, as well as infectious agent study, to remove a false label of hypersensitivity. © 2019 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can cause hypersensitivity reactions in children. These reactions are mainly cutaneous, self-limiting, and benign, but life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions can occur. Infections can lead to skin eruptions and mimic drug hypersensitivity reactions, if a drug is taken at the same time. The aims of our study were to confirm or rule out the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs in children and to detect an infection which mimics these reactions. Methods: A prospective survey was conducted in a group of 100 children with histories of hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs by performing patch tests, delayed-reading intradermal test, and, in case of negative results, challenge test. In all children, a study was performed to detect infections by viruses or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Results: Maculopapular exanthema and delayed-appearing urticaria were the most reported hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs. Sixty-six (66%) of 100 children had confirmed hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs. Fifty-nine children had positive patch test. No children had positive challenge tests. The most common AEDs causing hypersensitivity reactions were carbamazepine (45.4%) and lamotrigine (43.6%). Thirty-two children had positive tests for viruses or M pneumoniae, and nine of them had also a positive allergy work-up. Conclusion: Considering that there are no specific tests to distinguish between a viral infection and hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs in the acute phase, a diagnostic work-up should be performed in all children with suspected hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs, as well as infectious agent study, to remove a false label of hypersensitivity. © 2019 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

The objective of the paper is to investigate whether probiotic supple-mentation prenatally and/or postnatally could prevent the development of atopic/allergic march after systematically reviewed the litera-ture. The atopic march refers to the natural history of allergic diseases which develop during infancy and childhood. Allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, IgE-mediated food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, have dramatically increased over the last century. It is now known that every fourth child is allergic, but assumed that in 2020 every second child will be allergic. Pub Med were searched for randomized controlled trials regarding the effect of probiotics on the prevention of allergy in children. Type 2 inflammation is the central tenet of the atopic march. Intestinal microflora play an important role in the Th1/Th2 balance. Probiotics are cultures of potentially benefi-cial bacteria that positively affect the host by enhancing the microbial balance and they restore the normal intestinal permeability and gut microecology. Therefore, the use of probiotics prenatally and postna-tally may counterbalance the Th2 immune phenotype, thus preventing the development of the atopic march. Probiotics administration is able to reduce atopic inflammation and to enhance anti-inflammatory markers. Conclusion − The current systemic review suggests that pro-biotics administered prenatally and postnatally could reduce the risk of atopy and food allergy in young children, but they are not helpful in the prevention of asthma. © 2019 by the University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.