Browsing by Author "Santric Milicevic, Milena (57211144346)"

Background: In Europe, Serbia occupies a high position in antibiotic utilization and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Aim: The aim was to analyse utilization trends of meropenem, ceftazidime, aminoglycosides, piperacillin/tazobactam and fluoroquinolones (2006–2020), and the reported AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2013–2020) in Serbia and to compare with data from eight European countries (2015–2020). Method: Joinpoint regression was used to analyse antibiotic utilization data (2006–2020) and the reported AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2013–2020). Data sources were relevant national and international institutions. Antibiotic utilization and AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa data in Serbia were compared with eight European countries. Results: There was a significantly increased trend for ceftazidime utilization and reported resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serbia (p < 0.05) (2018–2020). For ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and fluoroquinolones resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa an increased trend was observed, Serbia (2013–2020). A decrease in both the utilization of aminoglycosides, Serbia (p < 0.05) (2006–2018) and contemporaneous Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance (p > 0.05) was detected. Fluoroquinolone utilization (2015–2020) was highest in Serbia compared to Netherlands and Finland, 310 and 305% higher, similar compared to Romania, and 2% less compared to Montenegro. Aminoglycosides (2015–2020) were 2550 and 783% more used in Serbia compared to Finland and Netherlands, and 38% less regarding Montenegro. The highest percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance was in Romania and Serbia (2015–2020). Conclusion: The use of piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime and fluoroquinolones should be carefully monitored in clinical practice due to increased Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance. The level of utilization and AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is still high in Serbia compared to other European countries. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Background: In Europe, Serbia occupies a high position in antibiotic utilization and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Aim: The aim was to analyse utilization trends of meropenem, ceftazidime, aminoglycosides, piperacillin/tazobactam and fluoroquinolones (2006–2020), and the reported AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2013–2020) in Serbia and to compare with data from eight European countries (2015–2020). Method: Joinpoint regression was used to analyse antibiotic utilization data (2006–2020) and the reported AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2013–2020). Data sources were relevant national and international institutions. Antibiotic utilization and AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa data in Serbia were compared with eight European countries. Results: There was a significantly increased trend for ceftazidime utilization and reported resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serbia (p < 0.05) (2018–2020). For ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and fluoroquinolones resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa an increased trend was observed, Serbia (2013–2020). A decrease in both the utilization of aminoglycosides, Serbia (p < 0.05) (2006–2018) and contemporaneous Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance (p > 0.05) was detected. Fluoroquinolone utilization (2015–2020) was highest in Serbia compared to Netherlands and Finland, 310 and 305% higher, similar compared to Romania, and 2% less compared to Montenegro. Aminoglycosides (2015–2020) were 2550 and 783% more used in Serbia compared to Finland and Netherlands, and 38% less regarding Montenegro. The highest percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance was in Romania and Serbia (2015–2020). Conclusion: The use of piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime and fluoroquinolones should be carefully monitored in clinical practice due to increased Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance. The level of utilization and AMR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is still high in Serbia compared to other European countries. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

[No abstract available]

This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3,053 studies of which 2,948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results. © 2023 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

Background: With the growing increase in the older proportion of the world population, there is also an increase in specific age-related chronic diseases and conditions, including pain. We aimed to evaluate the association of sociodemographic factors with the presence and different degrees of pain intensity in people aged 65 years and older. Methods: The population-based study, conducted in 2013, included 3540 individuals from Serbia. As pain predictors, we analyzed further sociodemographic characteristics: gender, age, body mass index, level of education, marital status, and wealth index. For pain assessment, we used the pain domain of the SF-36 version 2.0 questionnaire. Results: People over the age of 85 years are 27% more likely to have moderate pain than younger respondents; however, pain is less likely reported by men (by 42%), persons with overweight (by 23%) or obesity (by 21%), respondents with secondary (by 50%) or university education (29%), as well as those belonging to the upper household wealth index (by 22%), than by their counterparts. Conclusion: Pain is less likely in people of age below 85 years, male gender, those with higher educational level and higher wealth index, as well as overweight or obese individuals. Also, we have demonstrated that sociodemographic predictors differently correlate with the onset of the pain and its severity degree in persons of 65 years and older. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.

At the beginning of the 21st century, planning the public health workforce requirements came into the focus of policy makers. The need for improved provision of essential public health services, driven by a challenging non-communicable disease and causes of death and disability within Serbia, calls for a much needed estimation of the requirements of the public health professionals. Mid and long-term public health specialists’ supply and demand estimations out to 2025were developed based on national staffing standards and regional distribution of the workforce in public health institutes of Serbia. By 2025, the supply of specialists, taking into account attrition rate of −1% reaches the staffing standard. However, a slight increase in attrition rates has the impact of revealing supply shortage risks. Demand side projections show that public health institutes require an annual input of 10 specialists or 2.1% annual growth rate in order for the four public health fields to achieve a headcount of 487 by 2025 as well as counteract workforce attrition rates. Shortage and poor distribution of public health specialists underline the urgent need for workforce recruitment and retention in public health institutes in order to ensure the coordination, management, surveillance and provision of essential public health services over the next decade. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

Increasing dual practice and emigration of health workers threatens the effectiveness of the healthcare system. Insufficient information exists about these phenomena in the transitional countries of South-East Europe. Serbia, a European Union candidate, permits dual practice and there is a high intention to work abroad among its prospective healthcare professionals. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and predictors of job satisfaction, dual practice, and intention to work abroad of all workers in the Serbian public healthcare sector (73,940 employees, a response rate of 83.8%). This study observed that 22.6% of the respondents were dissatisfied with their jobs, 11.7% reported dual practice, and 14.3% had an intention to work abroad. Physicians and nurses younger than 55 years of age employed in a tertiary healthcare institution, and males were more likely to be dissatisfied than other workers. Poor management and working conditions increased job dissatisfaction, with a subsequent increased odds for dual practice and intention to work abroad by 1.5 and 3.6 times, respectively. The national and institutional framework for health workforce policy and management must be powerful and efficient when taking advantage of the positive effects and managing the negative aspects of dual practice and the intention to work abroad. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

Background: The clinical laboratory services, as an essential part of health care, require appropriate staff capacity to assure satisfaction and improve outcomes for both patients and clinical staff. This study aimed to apply the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) method for estimating required laboratory staff requirements for the high-volume clinical biochemical laboratories. Methods: In 2019, we applied the WISN method in all 13 laboratories within the Center for Medical Biochemistry of the University Clinical Centre of Serbia (CMB UCCS). A review of annual routinely collected statistics, laboratory processes observations, and structured interviews with lab staff helped identify their health service and additional activities and duration of these activities. The study outcomes were WISN-based staff requirements, WISN ratio and difference, and a recommendation on the new staffing standards for two priority laboratory workers (medical biochemists and medical laboratory technicians). Results: Medical biochemists’ and laboratory technicians’ annual available working time in 2019 was 1508 and 1347 working hours, respectively, for the workload of 1,848,889 samples. In general, the staff has four health service, eight support, and 15 additional individual activities. Health service activities per sample can take from 1.2 to 12.6 min. Medical biochemists and medical laboratory technicians spend almost 70% and more than 80% of their available working time, undertaking health service activities. The WISN method revealed laboratory workforce shortages in the CMB (i.e. current 40 medical biochemists and 180 medical laboratory technicians as opposed to required 48 medical biochemists and 206 medical laboratory technicians). Workforce maldistribution regarding the laboratory workload contributes to a moderate–high workload pressure of medical biochemists in five and medical laboratory technicians in nine organizational units. Conclusions: The WISN method showed mainly a laboratory workforce shortages and workload pressure in the CMB UCCS. WISN is a simple, easy-to-use method that can help decision-makers and policymakers prioritize the recruitment and equitable allocation of laboratory workers, optimize their utilization, and develop normative guidelines in the field of clinical laboratory diagnostics. WISN estimates require periodic reviews. © 2021, The Author(s).

Background: The clinical laboratory services, as an essential part of health care, require appropriate staff capacity to assure satisfaction and improve outcomes for both patients and clinical staff. This study aimed to apply the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) method for estimating required laboratory staff requirements for the high-volume clinical biochemical laboratories. Methods: In 2019, we applied the WISN method in all 13 laboratories within the Center for Medical Biochemistry of the University Clinical Centre of Serbia (CMB UCCS). A review of annual routinely collected statistics, laboratory processes observations, and structured interviews with lab staff helped identify their health service and additional activities and duration of these activities. The study outcomes were WISN-based staff requirements, WISN ratio and difference, and a recommendation on the new staffing standards for two priority laboratory workers (medical biochemists and medical laboratory technicians). Results: Medical biochemists’ and laboratory technicians’ annual available working time in 2019 was 1508 and 1347 working hours, respectively, for the workload of 1,848,889 samples. In general, the staff has four health service, eight support, and 15 additional individual activities. Health service activities per sample can take from 1.2 to 12.6 min. Medical biochemists and medical laboratory technicians spend almost 70% and more than 80% of their available working time, undertaking health service activities. The WISN method revealed laboratory workforce shortages in the CMB (i.e. current 40 medical biochemists and 180 medical laboratory technicians as opposed to required 48 medical biochemists and 206 medical laboratory technicians). Workforce maldistribution regarding the laboratory workload contributes to a moderate–high workload pressure of medical biochemists in five and medical laboratory technicians in nine organizational units. Conclusions: The WISN method showed mainly a laboratory workforce shortages and workload pressure in the CMB UCCS. WISN is a simple, easy-to-use method that can help decision-makers and policymakers prioritize the recruitment and equitable allocation of laboratory workers, optimize their utilization, and develop normative guidelines in the field of clinical laboratory diagnostics. WISN estimates require periodic reviews. © 2021, The Author(s).