Browsing by Author "Sabljak, Vera (51764228500)"

[No abstract available]

[No abstract available]

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the tumors with the shortest survival in human medicine. Aim. The aim was to determine the importance of age in survival of patients with ATC. Material and Methods. We analyzed the data on 150 patients diagnosed with ATC in the period from 1995 to 2006. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to determine overall survival. Prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results. The youngest patient was 35 years old and the oldest was 89 years old. According to univariate regression analysis, age was significantly associated with longer survival in patients with ATC. In multivariate regression analysis, patients age, presence of longstanding goiter, whether surgical treatment is carried out or not, type of surgery, tumor multicentricity, presence of distant metastases, histologically proven preexistent papillary carcinoma, radioiodine therapy, and postoperative radiotherapy were included. According to multivariate analysis, besides surgery (P = 0.000, OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.29-0.63), only patients age (P = 0.023, OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.49-0.95) was independent prognostic factor of favorable survival in patients with ATC. Conclusion. Age is a factor that was independently associated with survival time in ATC. Anaplastic thyroid cancer has the best prognosis in patients younger than 50 years. © 2014 Vladan Zivaljevic et al.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the tumors with the shortest survival in human medicine. Aim. The aim was to determine the importance of age in survival of patients with ATC. Material and Methods. We analyzed the data on 150 patients diagnosed with ATC in the period from 1995 to 2006. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to determine overall survival. Prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results. The youngest patient was 35 years old and the oldest was 89 years old. According to univariate regression analysis, age was significantly associated with longer survival in patients with ATC. In multivariate regression analysis, patients age, presence of longstanding goiter, whether surgical treatment is carried out or not, type of surgery, tumor multicentricity, presence of distant metastases, histologically proven preexistent papillary carcinoma, radioiodine therapy, and postoperative radiotherapy were included. According to multivariate analysis, besides surgery (P = 0.000, OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.29-0.63), only patients age (P = 0.023, OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.49-0.95) was independent prognostic factor of favorable survival in patients with ATC. Conclusion. Age is a factor that was independently associated with survival time in ATC. Anaplastic thyroid cancer has the best prognosis in patients younger than 50 years. © 2014 Vladan Zivaljevic et al.

Aims To provide updated knowledge regarding the airway management and the possibility of difficult intubation in diabetic patients. Materials and methods We preformed a systematic literature review of the English language literature, published over the past 10 years which deals with this subject. Results The vast majority of the modern literature data supports the fact that diabetic population has higher risk for difficult intubation occurrence. The most important characteristics of diabetic patients that are considered to be contributing factors for the difficult intubation are obesity, increased neck circumference and stiff joint syndrome. Conclusion A special attention and thorough preoperative preparation should be given to patients with diabetes. In order to predict and prevent difficult intubation in these patients, further studies are needed to investigate this issue closely. © 2015 Diabetes India.

Preoperative preparation of the patients with adrenal cortex dysfunction is based on the careful preoperative evaluation of the type and the severity of the disturbance. The dysfunction involving adrenal glands may be: insufficiency (severe, mild, expressed) and hyperfunction (hypercorticism and/or hyperaldosteronism). If we speak about the patients with limited adrenal reserve (Addison's disease, therapeutic glucocorticoid application etc.) they need necessary corticosteroid supplementation, during preoperative preparation, as well as, during complete perioperative period. Doses needed for the substitution are adjusted according to the severity of adrenal insufficiency and according to the extent of the planned surgical procedure. Patients with Cushing's syndrome (or other form of hypercorticism), as well as, patients with Conn's syndrome (or other forms of hyperaldosteronism), do have numerous organ dysfunctions, that are significant in preoperative preparation, anesthesia and for the outcome of the surgical treatment. Common feature for both of the above syndromes is hydroelectrolyte disbalance, with hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and hypertension. Disturbances related to the adrenal cortex hyperfunction must be corrected preoperatively, in order to avoid complications. When we speak about hypokalemia it must be promptly corrected even before urgent/vital surgical procedure because it may cause severe intraoperative cardiac arrhythmia.

In this article we summarized the recent research of the food addiction, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, which is carried out in this area. The concept of food addiction is new and complex, but proven to be very important for understanding and solving the problem of obesity. First part of this paper emphasizes the neurological studies, whose results indicate the similarity of brain processes that are being activated during drug abuse and during eating certain types of food. In this context, different authors speak of "hyper-palatable", industrial food, saturated with salt, fat and sugar, which favor an addiction. In the section on diagnostic and instruments constructed for assessing the degree of dependence, main diagnostic tool is standardized Yale Food Addiction Scale constructed by Ashley Gearhardt, and her associates. Since 2009, when it was first published, this scale is used in almost all researches in this area and has been translated into several languages. Finally, distinguish between prevention and treatment of food addiction was made. Given that there were similarities with other forms of addictive behavior, the researchers recommend the application of traditional addiction treatment. © Medicinska naklada.

The hyomental distance ratio (HMDR) is the ratio between the hyomental distance (HMD) (the distance between the hyoid bone and the tip of the chin) at the extreme of head extension (HMDe) and the one in the neutral position (HMDn). The objective of the study was to examine the predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity of HMDe, HMDn, and HMDR in predicting difficult endotracheal intubation (DI). A prospec-tive study included 262 patients that underwent elective surgical operations. The following parameters were observed as possible predictors of DI: HMDR, HMDe, HMDn, Mallampati score, and body mass index (BMI). The cut-off points for the DI predictors were HMDe <5.3 cm, HMDn ≤5.5 cm, and HMDR ≤1.2. The assessment that DI existed was made by the anesthesiologist while performing laryngoscopy by applying the Cormack-Lehane classification. DI was present in 13 patients (5%). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of DI with regard to the sex, age, and BMI of the patients. Our research indicated HMDR as the best predictor of DI with a sensitivity of 95.6% and specificity of 69.2%. HMDR can be used in the everyday work of anesthesiologists because HMDR values ≤1.2 may reliably predict DI. © 2016 ABMSFBIH.

Difficult tracheal intubation (DI) is more common in thyroid than in other surgical branches due to thyromegaly. Proper preoperative airway evaluation is necessary in order to reduce the potential numerous complications. The study examined the incidence of DI in thyroid surgery and the influence of tracheal dislocation and other risk factors on DI. A prospective study was conducted on 2379 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at the Center for Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, from 2007 to 2012. Patients were divided into groups with (n=162) and without DI (n=2217). Besides tracheal dislocation, another 13 risk factors contained in 13 screening tests and three additional factors of gender, age and diagnosis were defined. The incidence of DI in our study was 6.81%. The presence of tracheal dislocation was statistically significant, but not an independent predictor of DI. The diagnosis, large circumference and small neck length, previous DI, recessive mandible, tooth characteristics and oral anomalies were the most significant and independent predictors of DI. Neck circumference and small neck length had highest sensitivity. Previous DI had highest specificity. Thyromegaly, if causing tracheal dislocation and/or stenosis, represents a significant DI predictor, not individually, but in combination with other factors.

The goal of this article is to present the importance of diabetes mellitus as comorbidity in patients submitting to different surgical procedures. The results of numerous studies that have been presented here showed worst surgical outcome in patients with bad diabetes control. This review considers the elements for preoperative evaluation and preparation of these patients (former therapy, longterm metabolic control, micro and macrovascular complications etc). According to existing data, the goals for preoperative preparation and the regimes for their achievement have been defined. Also, the regimes for blood glucose controle during intraoperative and postoperative period have been evaluated in this article.

Preoperative preparation of patients with hyperarathyroidism planned to be operated and/or already operated because of some other disease have specific characteristics in function of the type of hyperparathyroidism, primary or secondary. In primary hyperparathyroidism, repercussions of pronounced hypercalcemia on organs and systems are of essential importance. The most important aspect of preoperative preparation of these patients is therefore the treatment of hypercalcemia. In patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism as comorbidity, calcium level is of lesser importance since it stays mostly within reference values. Essential for perioperative preparation of these patients is the fact that they have chronic renal insufficiency and usually are on extrarenal depuration, so that uremic toxic disorders important for the perioperative course should be taken into account. Disorders caused by primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism (and terminal chronic renal insufficiency) must be brough to so-called "stable state" in elective surgical interventions. Preoperative preparation in urgent surgical interventions is focused only on vitally endangering consequences of hyperparathyroidism such as hypercalcemic crisis or extreme hyperkalemia.

We studied the influence of demographic characteristics, comorbidity, and type and duration of surgery and anesthesia on the occurrence of intraoperative hypertension (IOHTA). Logistic regression analyses were used in order to determine the predictors of occurrence of IOHTA. More than 60% of our patients had IOHTA. Multivariate analysis showed that independent predictors for IOHTA were older age, BMI 25 kg/m, and hypertension as a coexisting disease. Hypertension is common during thyroid surgery, and a significant number of patients remained hypertensive during the postoperative period. © 2013 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

We studied the influence of demographic characteristics, comorbidity, and type and duration of surgery and anesthesia on the occurrence of intraoperative hypertension (IOHTA). Logistic regression analyses were used in order to determine the predictors of occurrence of IOHTA. More than 60% of our patients had IOHTA. Multivariate analysis showed that independent predictors for IOHTA were older age, BMI 25 kg/m, and hypertension as a coexisting disease. Hypertension is common during thyroid surgery, and a significant number of patients remained hypertensive during the postoperative period. © 2013 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

Background: Graves' disease represents an autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland where surgery has an important role in its treatment. The aim of our paper was to analyze the results of surgical treatment, the frequency of microcarcinoma and carcinoma, as well as to compare surgical complications in relation to the various types of operations performed for Graves' disease. Methods: We analysed 1432 patients (221 male and 1211 female) who underwent surgery for Graves' disease at the Centre for Endocrine Surgery in Belgrade during 15 years (1996-2010). Average age was 34.8 years. Frequency of surgical complications within the groups was analyzed with nonparametric Fisher's test. Results: Total thyroidectomy (TT) was performed in 974 (68%) patients, and Dunhill operation (D) in 221 (15.4). Carcinoma of thyroid gland was found in 146 patients (10.2%), of which 129 (9%) were a microcarcinoma. Complication rates were higher in the TT group, where there were 31 (3.2%) patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism, 9 (0.9%) patients with unilateral recurrent nerve paralysis and 10 (1.0%) patients with postoperative bleeding. Combined complications, such as permanent hypoparathyroidism with bleeding were more common in the D group where there were 2 patients (0,9%), while unilateral recurrent nerve paralysis with bleeding was more common in the TT group where there were 3 cases (0,3%). Conclusions: Frequency of complications were not significantly statistically different in relation to the type of surgical procedure. Total thyroidectomy represents a safe and efficient method for treating patients with Graves' disease, and it is not followed by a greater frequency of complications in relation to less extensive procedures. © 2015 Bojic et al.; licensee BioMed Central.