Browsing by Author "Ristić, Petar (14063887000)"

Background/Aim. The integrity of outer retinal structures, primarily the photoreceptor layer, is important because of its direct correlation with visual acuity. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the foveal photoreceptor-inner seg-ment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and external limiting membrane (ELM) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD) after the treatment with bevacizumab, as well as the correlation between the above-mentioned parameters and different types of neovascular membrane, classified by fluorescein angiography (FA). Me-thods. The study included 82 patients with NVAMD, treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. All patients under-went a basic ophthalmological examination, FA and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on the results of FA, all the patients were divided into two main groups - type I (the occult and minimally classic) and type II (classic and predominantly classic) of the choroidal neovascular mem-brane (CNV). The OCT images revealed either the presence or the absence of IS/OS and ELM. Results. After the treatment, the mean best corrected visual acuity improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.01). Preserved IS/OS and ELM were registered in a smaller number of patients as compared to the condition before the treatment (p < 0.01). After the treatment, the mean BCVA was significantly bet-ter in patients with preserved IS/OS and ELM (p < 0.01). In addition, we registered a higher number of patients with preserved ELM in the first group than in the second group (p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in the integrity of IS/OS between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclu-sion. The patients with preserved IS/OS and ELM achieved better final visual acuity as compared to the pa-tients without preserved IS/OS and ELM. In our patients, the absence of IS/OS and ELM were more frequent in type II (classic and predominantly classic) CNV than in type I (the occult and minimally classic) CNV. © 2017, Institut za Vojnomedicinske Naucne Informacije/Documentaciju. All rights reserved.

[No abstract available]

Introduction. Hypokalemic thyrotoxic paralysis is a very rare form of periodic paralysis in Caucasian population. In this population, a more frequent form is familiar hypokalemic periodic paralysis with the same clinical presentation. It is flaccid paralysis of proximal muscles in extremities. Having in mind that clinical presentation of hyperthyroidism in these patients is milder than it could be expected with given values of thyroid hormones, differential diagnosis to other forms of hypokalemic paralysis is essential. Case report. We presented a case of a young male with hyperthyroidism and severe periodic flaccid paralysis particularly of leg muscles. Laboratory findings showed elevated thyroid hormones levels and hypokalemia during the attacks with normalized potassium levels between attacks. The patient had no relatives with the similar condition. Also, he never had anything like these attacks prior to development of hyperthyroidism. After differential diagnosis, other reasons for hypokalemic periodic paralysis were excluded. We intensified the hyperthyroidism treatment and resolved hypokalemic periodic paralysis attacks with potassium chloride (KCl) infusions. The patient was advised to start a definitive treatment of hyperthyroidism after stabilization of hormonal levels. Conclusion. Hypokalemic thyrotoxic paralysis is a rare and potentially dangerous condition which, if recognized, can be prevented by resolving hyperthyroxinemia and the use of nonselective β blockers. © 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

Background/Aim. Arterial stimulation with calcium and venous sampling (ASVS) enables us to reach the goal of avoiding that any patient with insulinoma undergoes a blind surgical exploration. Since ASVS is both a functional and morphological localization procedure, its sensitivity is not influenced by factors that are causing the insensitivity of usual anatomical and morphological procedures. Based on our own experience in preoperative localization of insulinoma, we indented to show why we believe that ASVS should be performed to all patients regardless of data collected from other preoperative localization methods. Methods. We have analyzed the accuracy of preoperative localization methods retrospectively. First anatomical and morphological procedures like transabdominal ultrasound (US), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were done. Then we analyzed the data collected during a functional procedure which, at the same time, allows regionalization (ASVS). To estimate the accuracy, the results of every single method were correlated with the operative findings in all sixteen cases. Results. Prior to ASVS, fourteen patients underwent US, fifteen had CT, MRI was performed in eight patients and EUS in thirteen. Using only one of these methods enabled identification of tumors in five patients, using two methods in six patients while three and four in one patient each. For three patients, none of these methods was successful. ASVS revealed that all seen tumors were functional except three of the six visualized with two methods (US and EUS). In two of these three cases, US and EUS localized the tumors in pancreatic tail/body while ASVS accurately identified the tumors in pancreatic head. For these patients US and EUS showed false positive results. In the third of these patients EUS showed the tumor localized in pancreatic head, while US and ASVS accurately pointed to tail. This, too, was a false positive result of EUS. ASVS successfully provided regionalization data in three patients where other visualization methods failed. Operative and later histological findings confirmed the accuracy of ASVS in all sixteen patients including two patients that previously underwent distal pancreatectomy based on false positive EUS findings. Conclusion. Two patients, with accurate insulinoma regionalization in pancreatic head, obtained with ASVS, previously underwent unsuccessful distal pancreatectomy based on the false positive EUS findings. The same goes to three other patients with the false positive results obtained with other anatomical and morphological findings, as well as those three patients that had no preoperative visualization with other methods prior to ASVS. Therefore we suggest ASVS performing in each suspected insulinoma patient before the surgery, regardless of the data collected using other methods. This would enable us to test functional characteristics of visualized findings and to regionalize part of pancreas with uncontrolled insulin secretion when no suspicious changes were found. © 2018, Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

ence (WC), blood pressure (BP), serum triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also compared between the two groups. Results. PDG patients had statistically significantly higher TNF-α values compared to the HCG patients (73 pg/mL vs. 55 pg/mL, p = 0.024). A trend towards higher levels of IL-8 and IL-1β and lower levels of E-selectin, VEGF-A, and IL-18 was registered in PDG patients but without statistical significance. Furthermore, PDG patients had higher values of BMI, WC, systolic BP, serum TG, FPG, and HbA1c when compared to HCG. Conclusion. The results of our study suggest the importance of inflammation and some inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of early glycoregulation disorder. We believe that the main goal of future studies should focus on anti-inflammatory therapy in prediabetes.; Background/Aim. Prediabetes is a condition that refers to the state of hyperglycemia not sufficiently high to reach the diagnostic values for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This condition often precedes the appearance of T2DM. The association between the development of early glycoregulation disorders and the state of low-grade chronic inflammation is still not sufficiently well understood. The aim of the study was to assess the values of different inflammatory mediators and biomarkers in individuals with prediabetes. Methods. This cross-sectional, observational study included 60 respondents divided into two groups: the prediabetes group (PDG) with 31 patients and the healthy control group (HCG) with 29 respondents. Serum values of seven selected cytokines/biomarkers were compared between the two groups. Examined biomarkers were: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, E-selectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A. In addition, the values of body mass index (BMI), waist circumfer-ence (WC), blood pressure (BP), serum triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also compared between the two groups. Re-sults. PDG patients had statistically significantly higher TNF-α values compared to the HCG patients (73 pg/mL vs. 55 pg/mL, p = 0.024). A trend towards higher levels of IL-8 and IL-1β and lower levels of E-selectin, VEGF-A, and IL-18 was registered in PDG patients but without sta-tistical significance. Furthermore, PDG patients had higher values of BMI, WC, systolic BP, serum TG, FPG, and HbA1c when compared to HCG. Conclusion. The results of our study suggest the importance of inflammation and some inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of early glycoregulation disorder. We believe that the main goal of future studies should focus on anti-inflammatory therapy in prediabetes. © 2024 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

Background/Aim. The importance of chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, certain cytokines, and selectins in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasingly evident and supported by evidence. However, the role of chronic inflammation in the development of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in the early stages of cardiomyopathy in T2DM patients is insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to examine the possible association of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, and E-selectin with DD in T2DM patients with still preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods. The research included a total of 74 subjects divided into two groups: a group with proven T2DM, i.e., diabetes group (DG) (n = 45), and a healthy control group (HCG) (n = 29). Echocardiographic parameters of DD and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6 and E-selectin were compared between the two groups, and the correlation of echocardiographic parameters of DD and serum biomarkers was examined in both groups. Results. Subjects with T2DM had significantly different values of DD parameters compared to HCG but also higher values of IL-6 (19 pg/mL vs. 12 pg/mL, p = 0.002), E-selectin (2,036 pg/mL vs. 1,522 pg/mL, p < 0.001), and IL-1α (46 pg/mL vs. 37 pg/mL, p = 0.003). The majority of subjects who met the echocardiographic criteria of DD were from DG. In subjects with proven DD, significantly higher values of IL-6 (20.5 pg/mL vs. 16 pg/mL, p = 0.003) and IL-1β (15.0 pg/mL vs. 11.4 pg/mL, p = 0.036) were verified compared to subjects without DD. Conclusion. The results of our study indicate the presence of a connection between chronic inflammation and echocardiographic parameters with the onset of DD in the phases of preserved cardiac EF in patients with T2DM. © 2025 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.