Browsing by Author "Raus, Mišela (57195760780)"

Introduction. Breastfeeding is the most important way to feed a newborn, infant and a young child. Lactogenesis is the ability of secreting milk from the mammary gland and includes secretory initiation and activation. The birth of the placenta and decrease in progesterone levels stimulate an increase in prolactin levels and the secretion of milk from the breast. Human milk contains carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids and trace elements. In addition, numerous cells, macrophages, bacteria, chemokines, cytokines, immunoglobulins, hormones, growth factors, and mucin are present. The composition of milk differs depending on the phase of secretion. Colostrum is secreted for the first five days after birth, then comes transitional milk, and mature milk two weeks after birth. During the very act of breastfeeding, there is a difference between pre-milk and last milk. In pre-milk, the fat content is low and increases with the duration of lactation, and in breast milk it is relatively high. Aim: To point out the importance of milk composition and factors that are influential for breastfeeding. Conclusion: Maternal parity, age or socioeconomic status and education can affect the concentration of certain components of breast milk. Adequate social policy and support, along with education related to early breastfeeding experiences, can be the key factors in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding. Besides the mother and the child, the entire social community would benefit from that. © 2022 Sciendo. All rights reserved.

Introduction/Objective Physical therapy aims to improve airway clearance, breathing, and enhance gas exchange. It is widely used as an additional therapy in children with pneumonia. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of complications and comorbidities on physical therapy duration in children with pneumonia. Methods We conducted a retrospective descriptive study including 40 children with pneumonia admit-ted to a tertiary children’s hospital. Study participants were divided into two groups – a group with and without complications and a group with and without comorbidities. All children received physical therapy one time daily five days a week plus standard treatment for pneumonia. Physical therapy procedures that were applied were chest physical therapy and kinesiotherapy. Results Chest physical therapy (p < 0.001) and kinesiotherapy (p = 0.024) were applied significantly longer in the group with complications versus those without complications. Chest physical therapy was applied significantly longer in the group with comorbidities versus the group without comorbidities (p < 0.001), while there was no difference regarding duration of kinesiotherapy in the group with and without comorbidities (p = 0.239). Conclusion Our results show that the presence of complications and/or comorbidities significantly prolongs the duration of chest physical therapy in children with pneumonia. © 2023, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.