Browsing by Author "Petrovic, Zeljko (7102549014)"

Any endoscopic diagnostic procedure that iscapable of giving exact information on laryngeal lesions without damaging the tissue has essential advantages over standard biopsy. Tissue autofluorescence is deWned as a natural ability of tissue to fluoresce when exposed to a certain light wavelength. This feature is a consequence of the presence of fluorophores in the tissues, which are activated by a narrow wavelength range. However, due to their biochemical and biophysical characteristics, laryngeal precancerosis and cancer do not fluoresce when exposed to blue light. In the present study, we used Pentax's System of Autofluorescent Endoscopy (SAFE 1000) to detect auto-fluorescence disturbances from laryngeal mucosa. Diagnostic parameters (sensitivity and specificity) of the microlaryngoscopy (MLS) and SAFE 1000 in the diagnosis of laryngeal precancerosis and carcinoma were compared and discussed. We have found that SAFE had a better sensitivity with regard to mentioned laryngeal pathology, but MLS had better specificity than SAFE. The overall diagnostic sensitivity in the diagnostics of laryngeal atypical hyperplasia and cancer with SAFE was 89%, as opposed to 73% with MLS. Diagnostic specificity of SAFE for all cases of laryngeal carcinomas and atypical hyperplasia was 78%. The specificity of MLS in diagnostics of laryngeal carcinomas cases was 98%, while that for cases of atypical hyperplasia was 100%. Many other conditions that have impact on autofluorescent features of laryngeal mucosa were also discussed. © Springer-Verlag 2009.

Objective: The role of pharyngeal lymphoid tissue in etiopathogenesis of secretory otitis is not yet defined. The influence of tonsillar and adenoid mass, weight, obstruction of naspharyngeal orrifitium, bacterial reservoire or some immunological events are of scientific interest. Tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) are enzymes detected in lymphoid tissue, TNAP as characteristic of B cells, ACP as a characteristic of macrophages and folucullardentritic cells. These enzymes interfere in cell metabolism by removing 5′ phosphate group from nucleotides and proteins. Specific activity and kinetic properties were studied in palatinal tonsils and adenoids of children with secretory otitis (OME) and compared with children with recurrent tonsillitis without ear involvement. Method: Adenoid and tonsillar tissue of l7 children with OME and 30 children with recurrent tonsillitis were subjected to biochemical investigation using method of releasing of p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP). Kinetic parameters as Michaelis-Menten constant were calculated by non-linear regression estimation method. Results: Specific activity of adenoid alkaline phosphatase was lower in children with OME in relation to children with recurrent tonsillitis (t = 5.733507, p < 0.01). Specific activity of adenoid acid phosphatase was also lower in children with OME (t = 3.655456, p < 0.01). pH optimum for both enzymes was the same in these two groups of children. Michaelis-Menten constant for both enzymes was significantly higher in adenoid of children with OME than in children with recurrent tonsillitis suggesting lower enzyme affinity for the substrate. Conclusion: Differences in specific activities and kinetic properties of adenoid alkaline and acid phosphatases between children with OME and children with recurrent tonsillitis without OME were verified in this study. The results of the study are not able to explain the alteration of alkaline and acid phosphatase characteristics but could point to some possible and specific role of nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue in pathogenesis of secretary otitis. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Glassblowers are exposed to numerous physical and chemical noxious factors at their workplace. Mucosal layer of upper aerodigestive tract (nose, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx) is particularly vulnerable to the influence of these factors. Inhalation of hot gases, dust particles, and oral contact with glassblower's pipe are the most important factors that can cause chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of chronic laryngitis in the group of glassblowers and control group of workers and to examine whether the observed differences depend on the membership in these two groups, on the duration of exposure, or on both factors. The results of the study show significantly higher prevalence of chronic laryngitis among glassblowers than among control group of workers employed in the same plant. On the other hand, the duration of exposure was not statistically significant factor for chronic laryngitis. The exposure to risk factors on the working place represents an independent risk factor for the occurrence of chronic laryngitis among glassblowers, when adjusted for other possible confounders, such as age, years of service, smoking habits and alcohol consumption.

Glassblowers are exposed to numerous physical and chemical noxious factors at their workplace. Mucosal layer of upper aerodigestive tract (nose, oral cavity, pharynx and larynx) is particularly vulnerable to the influence of these factors. Inhalation of hot gases, dust particles, and oral contact with glassblower's pipe are the most important factors that can cause chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of chronic laryngitis in the group of glassblowers and control group of workers and to examine whether the observed differences depend on the membership in these two groups, on the duration of exposure, or on both factors. The results of the study show significantly higher prevalence of chronic laryngitis among glassblowers than among control group of workers employed in the same plant. On the other hand, the duration of exposure was not statistically significant factor for chronic laryngitis. The exposure to risk factors on the working place represents an independent risk factor for the occurrence of chronic laryngitis among glassblowers, when adjusted for other possible confounders, such as age, years of service, smoking habits and alcohol consumption.

There has recently been one hundred years since George Crile demonstrated systematic cervical lymph nodes excision for treatment of patients with head and neck cancer. Due to morbidity of the radical surgical approach, the emphasis was made on surgically conservative approach, in cases where it does not have adverse effects on disease control and still offers preservation of functional and cosmetic status. Modified radical neck dissection (MRND) removes "en block" the same lymph nodes and vessels as radical dissection, but by preserving one or more non-lymphatic structures that are being entirely removed by radical dissection, it decreases postoperative morbidity. Selective neck dissections, which are being preferred by American head and neck surgeons, went even further. The research was performed at Institute for Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery of Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade. The study included 319 patients treated period, from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2001, who have been followed up for at least 5 years after treatment. Having in mind that this was retrospective clinical study, i.e. longitudinal study, the choice of patients and variables was made based on patient records. Of 302 patients with determined category, the most were in T2 category (40.44%), while T1 tumors were four times less frequent. It has been observed that metastases recurrences have occurred in 57/319 (17.86%) subjects at various time intervals. By analyzing recurrent metastases according to N categories, it has been determined that the most of them were in N1 and N2 category. This was expected, as N1 category was the most represented in the entire group of patients with 137/319 (42.94%) cases, and the largest number of neck dissections - 137/291 (47.08%), primarily SND, were performed within this category. Patient five-year survival in our study has been analyzed according to N category, type of neck dissection, and recurrence of metastases (Figure 2). Over the first two years of follow-up, there has been larger survival tendency in MRND group compared to SND. The difference became comparable in the third year, and increased in favor of SND by the end of follow-up period. Although arithmetic mean value was almost the same, and median value was higher in patients with MRND, there is no significant difference in five-year survival among patients with N1 category (0.43; df=1; p>0.05).