Browsing by Author "Petrović, Miloš (57554228900)"

The remarkable variability in clinical behaviour of prostate cancer necessitates an individualized approach to therapy. The reliance on conventional clinico pathological variables, including prostate-specific antigen, has proven insufficient in addressing the complexities of this oncopathology. As a result, a significant number of novel, promising biomarkers have been developed and are now being utilized in all domains of prostate cancer management. The utilization of OncotypeDx, Decipher and Ki-67 has the potential to improve the process of decision-making for patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, including both curative and adjuvant therapy. The integration of combination therapy has engendered a significant shift in a therapeutic paradigm of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer underpinning the need for new biomarkers including TP53, RB1 and PTEN aberrations, along with SPOP mutation and molecular subtypes of prostate cancer as possible candidates. The use of liquid biopsies and next-generation sequencing techniques has a promising role in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The validation and improvement of existing biomarkers, the development of innovative and more accurate biomarkers, with the integration of clinical and multiomics data have the potential to provide considerable advancements in the field of precision oncology of prostate cancer. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

The remarkable variability in clinical behaviour of prostate cancer necessitates an individualized approach to therapy. The reliance on conventional clinico pathological variables, including prostate-specific antigen, has proven insufficient in addressing the complexities of this oncopathology. As a result, a significant number of novel, promising biomarkers have been developed and are now being utilized in all domains of prostate cancer management. The utilization of OncotypeDx, Decipher and Ki-67 has the potential to improve the process of decision-making for patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, including both curative and adjuvant therapy. The integration of combination therapy has engendered a significant shift in a therapeutic paradigm of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer underpinning the need for new biomarkers including TP53, RB1 and PTEN aberrations, along with SPOP mutation and molecular subtypes of prostate cancer as possible candidates. The use of liquid biopsies and next-generation sequencing techniques has a promising role in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The validation and improvement of existing biomarkers, the development of innovative and more accurate biomarkers, with the integration of clinical and multiomics data have the potential to provide considerable advancements in the field of precision oncology of prostate cancer. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

Objective: Mutation of p53 is detected in more than 50% of human cancers, expression of p53 has a potential prognostic value in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, its overexpression is observed in many malignancies, including RCC. The aim of the study was to estimate a correlation between survivin and p53 expression in tumor samples and the histologic type of a tumor, tumor stage, tumor grade, and survival of patients. Materials and Methods: Tumor samples were collected from surgical specimens of 90 patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy for RCC between November 2017 and July 2020. Tumors were staged according to the UICC (The Union for International Cancer Control) TNM classification system and histopathologically graded according to Fuhrman nuclear grade system. Histopathological diagnosis was confirmed with standard light microscopic evaluation, using hematoxylin and eosin staining and standard p53 and survivin antibodies. Results: Positive p53 staining was observed in 36.7% of tumor specimens and 24.4% were survivin positive. There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 or survivin expression and histologic subtype of clear cell RCC as well as Type I and II of papillary RCC. There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 expression and tumor size, stage, and grade. The p53 or survivin expression was related to lower overall survival. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that p53 overexpression and survivin positivity in RCC patients could be associated with poor prognosis. Thus, these proteins could be used as prognostic markers in RCC. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Intravesical BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guerin) therapy represents the therapy of choice for intermediary-and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancers after transurethral resection. However, up to 40% of these patients do not show adequate response to the therapy (BCG failure) and 15% of them experience the progression of the disease to muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In such cases, radical cystectomy is indicated. Studies suggest that early radical cystectomy in patients with BCG failure is followed by better survival compared to delayed radical cystectomy. The prediction of response to BCG therapy could en-able early identification of patients on which this therapy would have no effect and who should undergo early radical cystectomy. © 2022, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.