Browsing by Author "Mihajlovic, Goran (56823353300)"

Depression represents a mood disorder and is consideredto be one of the most common mental disorders in general. World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years, until 2030. Depression is a complex heterogeneous disorder whereimmune system and its regulation play an important role. Innate and adaptive immunity mechanisms are included, along with processes of immune activation and suppression.The expression of humoral factors of innate immunity, especially pro-inflammatory cytokines, is increased, whereas the intensity of cellular immune mechanisms, primarily Tcells and NKcells, are impaired. The influence of proinflammatory cytokines on depression is reflected in their effect on certain enzymes and ensuing reduction of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. They also affect the neuroendocrine function in central nervous system, resulting in increase of cortisol levels and inactivation of glucocorticoid receptors inthe periphery, which leads to neurodegeneration and decreasein neurotransmitter production. Certain cytokines affect neuroplasticity through the decreasing of concentration of neurotrophic brain factor and induction of brain cell apoptosis. Theresults are often contradictory talking about mechanisms of adaptive immunity. On one hand, an increasedactivity of Tlymphocytes is observed, while on the other, there are evidenceof spontaneous apoptosisandimpaired function ofthese cellsin depression. In addition, neuroprotective role of autoreactive and regulatory T cells in prevention of depression has also been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current knowledge on the role of immune mechanisms inthe pathogenesis of depression. © 2024 Sciendo. All rights reserved.

Depression represents a mood disorder and is consideredto be one of the most common mental disorders in general. World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years, until 2030. Depression is a complex heterogeneous disorder whereimmune system and its regulation play an important role. Innate and adaptive immunity mechanisms are included, along with processes of immune activation and suppression.The expression of humoral factors of innate immunity, especially pro-inflammatory cytokines, is increased, whereas the intensity of cellular immune mechanisms, primarily Tcells and NKcells, are impaired. The influence of proinflammatory cytokines on depression is reflected in their effect on certain enzymes and ensuing reduction of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. They also affect the neuroendocrine function in central nervous system, resulting in increase of cortisol levels and inactivation of glucocorticoid receptors inthe periphery, which leads to neurodegeneration and decreasein neurotransmitter production. Certain cytokines affect neuroplasticity through the decreasing of concentration of neurotrophic brain factor and induction of brain cell apoptosis. Theresults are often contradictory talking about mechanisms of adaptive immunity. On one hand, an increasedactivity of Tlymphocytes is observed, while on the other, there are evidenceof spontaneous apoptosisandimpaired function ofthese cellsin depression. In addition, neuroprotective role of autoreactive and regulatory T cells in prevention of depression has also been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current knowledge on the role of immune mechanisms inthe pathogenesis of depression. © 2024 Sciendo. All rights reserved.

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related containment measures have grossly affected the daily living and created a need for alternative ways of social communication and entertainment. The aim of this study was to explore the use of various Internet contents depending on sociodemographics and on psychiatric history of participants. This cross-sectional, population-based study is a part of a wider international multicenter study. A total of 1275 participants across Serbia (71.1% of females; average age = 41.81 ± 12.52 years) were recruited using two-level chain-referral sampling method. The participants filled in an anonymous online questionnaire that included questions on sociodemographic data, psychiatric history, and various aspects of increased Internet use since the pandemic. The data were analyzed using a series of multiple logistic regressions. About two-thirds of the sample reported using Internet more during the pandemic. All of the tested regression models, apart from models predicting browsing religion and travel/tourism, were significant, explaining from about 2% (for the contents specific for COVID-19) up to 34.4% (for the sexual content) of variance of use. Reporting a previously diagnosed psychiatric disorder was a significant predictor of greater Instagram use and browsing sexual and sport-related content since the pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, the study is the first to report on the relationship between Internet using and mental health, during COVID-19 pandemic, in the Balkan region. The findings showed various patterns of the increased use of Internet contents since the pandemic referring to both potentially positive and negative Internet influences. © 2020 Indian Journal of Psychiatry Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.

Non suicidal self-injury is defined as intentional self-inflicted injury without the intent to die. Suicide attempt is defined as a non-fatal, self-directed, potentially injurious behavior with the intent to die. Although distinct behaviors, they are frequently associated and possibly clinically related. The aims of this study are to ex-plore demographic data, social-demographic differences between genders, co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injuries with suicide attempt, their association with gender and clinical variables. Retrospective cohort study on 143 patient admitted in Clinic for mental disorders „Dr Laza Lazarevic“, aged 14 to 18 years, between January 2015 and January 2016. Information were obtained from database and included two categories of variables: socio-demo-graphic (age, gender, education level, current living situation) and clinical variables (abuse, neglect, peer violence, aggressive behavior, non-suicidal self-injuries, suicide attempt and others). The mean age of adolescents was 15.8 years, with female being more frequent in the sample (51.4%). The incidence of Mood disorders was significantly higher (p<0.05) in female compared to male (χ²꞊3,96, df꞊1, rC꞊0.16, p꞊0.04). A significantly higher incidence (p<0.05) of non-suicidal self-injury (χ²꞊11.15, df꞊1, rC꞊0.27, p꞊0.001) and suicide attempt was found in female compared to male (χ²꞊5.38, df꞊1, rC꞊0.19, p꞊0.02). No statistically sig-nificant difference was found in their simultaneous occurrence compared to total population of hospitalized adolescents. The findings of the present study demonstrated that non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempt occur in clinical population of adolescent more often among female then in male adolescents. © 2022, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science. All rights reserved.

Non suicidal self-injury is defined as intentional self-inflicted injury without the intent to die. Suicide attempt is defined as a non-fatal, self-directed, potentially injurious behavior with the intent to die. Although distinct behaviors, they are frequently associated and possibly clinically related. The aims of this study are to ex-plore demographic data, social-demographic differences between genders, co-occurrence of non-suicidal self-injuries with suicide attempt, their association with gender and clinical variables. Retrospective cohort study on 143 patient admitted in Clinic for mental disorders „Dr Laza Lazarevic“, aged 14 to 18 years, between January 2015 and January 2016. Information were obtained from database and included two categories of variables: socio-demo-graphic (age, gender, education level, current living situation) and clinical variables (abuse, neglect, peer violence, aggressive behavior, non-suicidal self-injuries, suicide attempt and others). The mean age of adolescents was 15.8 years, with female being more frequent in the sample (51.4%). The incidence of Mood disorders was significantly higher (p<0.05) in female compared to male (χ²꞊3,96, df꞊1, rC꞊0.16, p꞊0.04). A significantly higher incidence (p<0.05) of non-suicidal self-injury (χ²꞊11.15, df꞊1, rC꞊0.27, p꞊0.001) and suicide attempt was found in female compared to male (χ²꞊5.38, df꞊1, rC꞊0.19, p꞊0.02). No statistically sig-nificant difference was found in their simultaneous occurrence compared to total population of hospitalized adolescents. The findings of the present study demonstrated that non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempt occur in clinical population of adolescent more often among female then in male adolescents. © 2022, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science. All rights reserved.