Browsing by Author "Marinković, Nemanja (57202070226)"

Introduction/Objective The class II malocclusion results in disbalanced facial harmony, primarily notice-able in the profile and the lower facial third. Aside from skeletal evaluation, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning should include facial soft tissue analysis. The aim of the study was to identify the soft tissue profile outcomes of orthodontic treatment of class II, division 1 malocclusion patients and to determine if these changes are related to different treatment protocols. Methods The first group was the non-extraction group (25 patients) initially treated with the Herbst appli-ance, and the second group was four premolars extraction group (25 patients) treated with a multibracket appliance. The patients’ cephalograms and pre-and post-treatment profile photographs were used. Results The improvement in the non-extraction group was evident in the decrease of the nasomental angle, the angle representing the projection of the upper lip to the chin, as well as the upper lip angle. In the extraction group, the nasolabial angle showed a significant increase. Soft tissue variables showed significant differences between the groups: the total facial angle or facial convexity including the nose and the angle presenting the projection of the upper lip to the chin. Conclusion The patients treated without extractions showed a significant improvement of the convex profile and favorable soft tissue changes in the lower third of the face. © 2022, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction/Objective The aim of the study was to test the accuracy of Belgrade Age Formula (BAF) for dental age estimation on the sample of Montenegrin children. Methods The radiographs of 134 Montenegrin children (67 females and 67 males) saved as “jpeg” files were analyzed with Image J software. Sex, the number of teeth with complete development, apex width and tooth length of the mandibular canine and second molar were used in order to calculate dental age with the BAF formula. Results The discrepancy between estimated dental age and chronological age was-0.088 ± 0.64 years; the absolute difference was 0.52 ± 0.39 years. The percentage of participants whose estimated dental age differed six months from their chronological age was 61.2 and 53.7 for females and males, respec-tively, while the percentage of participants whose estimated dental age differed 12 months from their chronological age was 94 and 83.6 for females and males, respectively. Conclusion The BAF may be an accurate approach for estimating dental age in Montenegrin children aged 10–12 years with uncompleted tooth development. However, BAF has to be evaluated on a larger sample of Montenegrin infants in future studies. © 2022, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Identification of living undocumented individuals highlights the need for accurate, precise, and reproducible age estimation methods, especially in those cases involving minors. However, when their country of origin is unknown, or it can be only roughly estimated, it is extremely difficult to apply assessment policies, procedures, and practices that are accurate and child-sensitive. The main aim of this research is to optimize the correct classification of adults and minors by establishing new cut-off values for four different continents (Africa, America, Asia, and Europe). For this purpose, a vast sample of 10,701 orthopantomographs (OPTs) from four continents was evaluated. For determination and subsequent validation of the new third molar maturity index (I3M) cut-off values by world regions, a cross-validation by holdout method was used and contingency tables (confusion matrices) were generated. The lower third molar maturity indexes, from both left and right side (I3ML and I3MR) and the combination of both sides (I3ML_I3MR) were calculated. The new cut-off values, that aim to differentiate between a minor and an adult, with more than 74.00% accuracy for all populations were as follows (I3ML; I3MR; I3ML_I3MR, respectively): Africa = (0.10; 0.10; 0.10), America = (0.10; 0.09; 0.09), Asia = (0.15; 0.17; 0.14), and Europe = (0.09; 0.09; 0.09). The higher sensitivity (Se) was detected for the I3ML for male African people (91%) and the higher specificity (Sp) of all the parameters (I3ML; I3MR; I3ML_I3MR) for Europeans both male and female (> 91%). The original cut-off value (0.08) is still useful, especially in discriminating individuals younger than 18 years old which is the goal of the forensic methods used for justice. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.