Browsing by Author "Marić, Nikola (57219559898)"

Sarcoidosis afflicts the central nervous system more frequently than previously believed. Neurological symptoms are present in roughly one-half of patients, and depend on the location in the central nervous system. The probability of spontaneous regression is significantly less when compared to other forms of sarcoidosis, which means that the proper diagnosis and treatment is paramount. Even when properly treated, functional defects are not uncommon. Majority of these patients require immunomodulating drugs and continuous follow-up. New immunomodulating drugs, especially biological agents, have shown to be significantly more effective, with fewer side effects, and are important when corticosteroids could not be applied. Less invasive methods, such as cerebrospinal analysis, help greatly in the diagnostics procedure, and require further research and improvement. © 2021, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction COVID-19 pneumonia does not have a characteristic course and prognosis. Many facts still remain hidden, mainly why certain patients develop complications with serious tissue damage and whether it causes a permanent organ impairment. If and when will fibrosis develop in COVID-19 pneumonia requires further research, but a link between the amount of tissue afflicted and the development of fibrosis exists. Case outline A previously healthy, non-smoker, woman with minor symptoms on admission had suddenly developed a serious respiratory insufficiency and whose radiographic finding on computed tomography scan had shown a serious progression with the development of fibrosis in a matter of days. The exact mechanism and correlation of this clinical course remains unknown; however, it is clear that the pulmonary fibrosis is caused by COVID-19 pneumonia. Follow-up computed tomography scan, performed 50 days after initial symptoms, had shown a partial regression of consolidations and post-inflammatory fibrosis. Conclusion Pulmonary fibrosis is the most severe complication of COVID-19 infection on the respiratory system. Who, when or if a patient will develop any complication is still unclear, as well as whether these changes are reversible? Also, the number of recovered patients who later develop some chronic complications remains to be seen. © 2021, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction Orbit is one of the rarer locations for the metastasis of malignant tumors. The symptoms of orbital tumors are nonspecific, but require detail diagnostics. Methods of visualization, such as ultrasound, radiography, computed tomography scan and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the endocranium are a mandatory step in the diagnostics in order to determine not only the spread of the malignancy but also the affliction of the surrounding structures. The orbital manifestations can be the first sign of the malignant disease. Outline of cases The first case report presents a female patient with ocular symptomatology as a result of a metastasis of previously undiscovered breast cancer, and the second report presents a male patient with undiscovered lung cancer also presenting with ocular symptomatology. Conclusion An orbital tumor should instigate further diagnostic procedures, as it can be the first sign of a disseminated malignant disease. © 2020, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.