Browsing by Author "Lazovic, B. (36647776000)"

Objective: Was to investigate glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) responses to a graded maximal exercise test and recovery period in athletes and sedentary subjects. Subjects and methods: Twelve trained man (TG) and twelve untrained men (UTG) performed an incremental maximal treadmill test. Blood samples were taken from all subjects in the morning before, at the end of the test and after 30 minutes of recovery. Insulin, glucose and FFA levels were determined at these points in time. Results: Glucose concentration did not differ between TG and UTG at rest. Glucose levels increased steadily during exercise in both groups, but this increase was significant only in UTG at the end of the exercise test (+18.71%; P < 0.05) and after 30 min of recovery (+12.05%; P < 0.05) compared to basal levels. FFA concentrations at rest were significantly higher in TG than UTG (P < 0.05). FFA concentration initially significantly decreased during exercise in TG (-50.00%; P < 0.05), and increased during recovery period, but stayed significantly lower than rest values (-25.00%; P < 0.05). In UTG, FFA levels insignificantly decreased (P > 0.05) during exercise and recovery period. Insulin concentration significantly increased during exercise in both groups (+23.89% in TG and +47.64% in UTG, P < 0.05), and stayed significantly higher in recovery period in UTG (+60.82%; P < 0.05). Conclusion: The data presented indicate that chronic physical training markedly influences serum FFA profile in trained group. Our findings also indicate that metabolic response to one bout of maximal-intensity exercise test depends on training status of the subjects and that trained subjects (athletes) could have higher substrate flexibility under high energy demand. © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS.

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies demonstrated that current European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society spirometric reference equations, used in general population, may not be applicable in population of elite athletes. Althought it is well known that physical activity may affect lung volumes, the effect of sporting activity on pulmonary function testing indices was never examined. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in functional respiratory parameters in various types of sports by measuring lung volumes and to extend the existing factors as well as sport disciplines which affect respiratory function the most. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 1639 elite male athletes, aged 18-35 years were divided in 4 groups according to the predominant characteristics of training: skill, power, mixed and endurance athletes. They performed basic anthropometric measurements and spirometry. Groups were compared, and Pearson's simple correlation was performed to test the relation between anthropometric and spirometric characteristics of athletes. RESULTS: All anthropometric characteristics significantly differed among groups and correlate with respiratory parameters. The highest correlation was found for body height and weight. CONCLUSIONS: Sports participation is associated with respiratory adaptation, and the extent of adaptation depends on type of activity. Endurance sports athletes have higher lung volumes in comparison with skill, mixed and power group of sport.

Introduction: Unlike large population studies about cardiovascular components and how they adapt to intensive physical activity, there is less research into the causes of enlargement of the respiratory system in athletes (e.g. vital capacity, maximum flow rates and pulmonary diffusion capacity). The purpose of this research was to study and compare pulmonary function in different types of sports and compare them with controls in order to find out which sports improve lung function the most. Materials and method: Pulmonary functional capacities, vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) of 493 top athletes belonging to 15 different sports disciplines and of 16 sedentary individuals were studied. Pulmonary function test was performed according to ATS/ERS guidelines. Results: Basketball, water polo players and rowers had statistically higher vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) than the healthy sedentary control individuals. Football and volleyball players had lower VC while FVC was higher in the football group compared to controls. Peak expiratory flow was lower in boxing, kayak, rugby, handball, taekwondo and tennis. The maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) was significantly higher in water polo players and rowers. Boxers had statistically lower MVV than the controls. Players of other sports did not differ from the control group. Conclusion: The study suggests that specific type of training used in basketball, water polo or rowing could have potential for improving pulmonary function and rehabilitation. © 2014 Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia.

Non-invasive ventilation performed through an oronasal mask is a standard in clinical and homecare mechanical ventilation. Besides all its advantages, inevitable leaks through the mask cause errors in the feedback information provided by the airflow sensor and, hence, patient-ventilator asynchrony with multiple negative consequences. Here we investigate a new way to provide a trigger to the ventilator. The method is based on the measurement of rib cage movement at the onset of inspiration and during breathing by fibre-optic sensors. In a series of simultaneous measurements by a long-period fibre grating sensor and pneumotachograph we provide the statistical evidence of the 200 ms lag of the pneumo with respect the fibre-optic signal. The lag is registered consistently across three independent delay metrics. Further, we discuss exceptions from this trend and identify the needed improvements to the proposed fibre-sensing scheme. © 2015 IEEE.

Non-invasive ventilation performed through an oronasal mask is a standard in clinical and homecare mechanical ventilation. Besides all its advantages, inevitable leaks through the mask cause errors in the feedback information provided by the airflow sensor and, hence, patient-ventilator asynchrony with multiple negative consequences. Here we investigate a new way to provide a trigger to the ventilator. The method is based on the measurement of rib cage movement at the onset of inspiration and during breathing by fibre-optic sensors. In a series of simultaneous measurements by a long-period fibre grating sensor and pneumotachograph we provide the statistical evidence of the 200 ms lag of the pneumo with respect the fibre-optic signal. The lag is registered consistently across three independent delay metrics. Further, we discuss exceptions from this trend and identify the needed improvements to the proposed fibre-sensing scheme. © 2015 IEEE.