Browsing by Author "Lazović, Biljana (36647776000)"

[No abstract available]

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia is a progressive condition with right ventricular myocardium being replaced by fibro-fatty tissue. It is a hereditary disorder mostly caused by desmosome gene mutations. The prevalence of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is about 1/1000-5000. Clinical presentation is usually related to ventricular tachycardias, syncope or presyncopa, or ventricular fibrillation leading to cardiac arrest, mostly in young people and athletes. It may be difficult to make the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy due to several problems arising from the specificity of electrocardiograph abnormalities, different potential etiologies of ventricular arrhythmias with a left bundle branch morphology, the assessment of the right ventricular structure and function, and the interpretation of endomyocardial biopsy findings. Therefore, standardized diagnostic criteria have been proposed by the Study Group on arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy of the European Society of Cardiology. In order to make the diagnosis ofarrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, a number of clinical tests are employed, including the electrocardiogram, echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, myocardial biopsy, right ventricular angiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and genetic testing. The therapeutic options include beta blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, and implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator is the most effective safe-guard against arrhythmic sudden death. Preparticipation screening for sport eligibility has been proven to be effective in detecting asymptomatic patients and sport disqualification has been lifesaving, substantially declining sudden death in young athletes.

Choriocarcinoma is the most malignant tumor of gestational trophoblastic disease arising from any gestation. It has a tendency toward relapse as well as metastasis. Here, a case of relapsed high-risk choriocarcinoma (FIGO stage IV, WHO score 12) in a 37-year-old female presenting with vaginal bleedings is described. Relapse developed at the site of the surgical scar from hysterectomy that had been performed 2 years earlier. Although the patient was treated with aggressive chemotherapy, she was in a bad general condition and died from infection and liver insufficiency. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

The velocity by which the disturbance travels through the medium is the wave velocity. Pulse wave velocity is one of the main parameters in hemodynamics. The study of wave propagation through the fluid-fill elastic tube is of great importance for the proper biophysical understanding of the nature of blood flow through of cardiovascular system. The effect of viscosity on the pulse wave velocity is generally ignored. In this paper we present the results of experimental measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV) of compression and expansion waves in elastic tube. The solutions with different density and viscosity were used in the experiment. Biophysical model of the circulatory flow is designed to perform measurements. Experimental results show that the PWV of the expansion waves is higher than the compression waves during the same experimental conditions. It was found that the change in viscosity causes a change of PWV for both waves. We found a relationship between PWV, fluid density and viscosity. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

The velocity by which the disturbance travels through the medium is the wave velocity. Pulse wave velocity is one of the main parameters in hemodynamics. The study of wave propagation through the fluid-fill elastic tube is of great importance for the proper biophysical understanding of the nature of blood flow through of cardiovascular system. The effect of viscosity on the pulse wave velocity is generally ignored. In this paper we present the results of experimental measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV) of compression and expansion waves in elastic tube. The solutions with different density and viscosity were used in the experiment. Biophysical model of the circulatory flow is designed to perform measurements. Experimental results show that the PWV of the expansion waves is higher than the compression waves during the same experimental conditions. It was found that the change in viscosity causes a change of PWV for both waves. We found a relationship between PWV, fluid density and viscosity. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Introduction/Objective Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common comorbidities among subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study is to evaluate electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters and mortality predictors in COPD patients. Methods A total of 835 consecutive patients were included. The patients were classified to suffer from COPD if the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) was < 70% in three consecutive postbronchodilator measurements. The following ECG changes were observed: axis, P wave, low ORS complex, transitional zone, left bundle branch block (LBBB), right bundle branch block (RBBB), incomplete RBBB, S1S2S3 configuration, negative T in V1–V3. The patients were followed up for mortality over a five-year period. Results Both survivors and non-survivors were of similar age, sex, and COPD status. FVC and FEV1, as well as Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stadiums were significantly higher in the survivor group (p < 0.016, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Normal axis was in significantly higher percentage in non-survived patients (p = 0.020). RBBB and incomplete RBBB are more frequent findings in patients who died (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively). LBBB, S1S2S3 configuration is in significantly higher percentage present in non-survivors (p < 0.016, p < 0.001, respectively). In the multivariable logistic model, patients with LBBB have two times higher chance of mortality compared to patients without LBBB. In contrast, patients with RBBB have 1.6 times lower chance of having death outcome. Conclusion The main ECG predictors of COPD patients’ five-year mortality are LBBB and RBBB, but according to statistical model, ECG should be further explored and possibly obligatory involved in a routine clinical practice as an easy and low-cost screening method. © 2021, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

INTRODUCTION: The use of electrocardiogram in athletes as a routine screening method for diagnosing potentially dangerous cardiovascular diseases is still an issue of debate. According to the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology, the recording of electrocardiogram is necessary in all athletes as a screening method, whereas the guidelines of the American Heart Association do not necessitate an electrocardiogram as a screening method and they insist on detailed personal and family history and clinical examination. CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM CHANGES IN ATHLETES: According to the classification of the European Society of Cardiology, electrocardiogram changes in athletes are divided into two groups: a) usual (physiological) that are connected with training; b) unusual (potentially clinically relevant) that are not connected with training. SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN ATHLETES: The most frequent causes include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and congenital coronary artery anomalies, while others may be found only sporadically at autopsy. Physiological electrocardiogram changes are frequent in asymptomatic athletes and they do not require further assessment. They include sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular blocks of I and II degree--Wenkebach, isolated increased QRS voltage, incomplete right bundle branch block and early repolarization. Potentially pathological electrocardiogram changes in athletes are not frequent but they are alarming and they urge further assessment to diagnose the underlying cardiovascular disease as well as the prevention of sudden cardiac death. They include: T wave inversion, ST segment depression, complete right or left bundle branch block, atrial pre-excitation syndrome-WPW, long QT interval, short QT interval, Brugada like electrocardiogram finding.; CONCLUSION: Introduction of electrocardiogram recording into the screening protocol in athletes increases the sensitivity of evaluation and may help to discover asymptomatic cardiovascular diseases that may cause sudden cardiac death. Special attention and further assessment are required when the above potentially pathological electrocardiogram changes are found in athletes.

Etoposide is commonly used in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms. Hypersensitivity reactions to etoposide are infrequently reported and include hypotension, hypertension, flushing, diaphoresis, chest discomfort, dyspnea, bronchospasm and loss of consciousness. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman who experienced acute bronchospasm, tachycardia, hypoxia and hypotension. The symptoms resolved within an hour after administration of intravenous fluids, methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine and oxygen. Subsequently, the patient was given etoposide phosphate without incident. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.