Browsing by Author "Krasić, Staša (57192096021)"

Introduction Developmental variations of the inferior vena cava (IVC) rarely cause symptoms, and they are usually detected during routine examinations performed for other reasons. The prevalence in the general population is between 0.07% and 8.7%. Various anomalies of the IVC can be seen depending on abnormal regression or abnormal persistence of embryonic veins. They are usually associated with more complex intracardiac and atrioventricular septal defects, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and pulmonary atresia. Case outline We presented an 18-month-old patient with double IVC, IVC interruption, azygos, and hemiazygos continuation associated with aortic coarctation. The vein malformation was discovered during percutaneous balloon angioplasty of the aortic re-coarctation and confirmed by using cross-sectional imaging modalities. Our patient had no symptoms of IVC malformation. Conclusion In clinical practice, double IVC should be suspected in patients with recurrent pulmonary emboli. Another important point in practice is the identification of those anomalies to avoid potential complications of retroperitoneal surgery and cannulation during cardiac surgery. © 2023, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction Mosaic monosomy 20 is a rare chromosomal aberration, without characteristic clinical features. We present a case of a fetus with monosomy 20 mosaicism revealed after prenatal ultrasound detection of anhydramnios and multiple anomalies. Case outline The second pregnancy of a 33-year-old woman, was terminated at 23rd gestational week, because of the multiple fetal anomalies and anhydramnios, detected by ultrasound. The autopsy of a female fetus revealed multiple congenital anomalies: ventriculomegaly, bilateral choroid plexus cysts, perivascular gliosis in periventricular region of cerebri, hydropericardium, severe cardiomegaly, severe myocardial hypertrophy, hydrothorax, glandular/canalicular stage of fetal lung development, bilateral renal and ureter agenesis (Potter syndrome), bladder aplasia, agenesis of the uterus, fallopian tubes and proximal vagina and valgus deformity of left foot (pes valgus). Fetal growth was adequate for gestational age with no craniofacial dysmorphia or radiographically visible anomalies of the skeleton, without signs of infection. The umbilical cord was too long for gestational age – 48 cm. Analysis of fetal karyotype from fetal blood sampling revealed monosomy of chromosome 20 in 10% of analyzed cells in metaphase. Conclusion Revealing the genetic basis of fetal anomalies is at outmost importance not only for further evaluation of pregnancy, but also for proper genetic informing of patients. © 2024, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, compared to other tumors of salivary glands, occurs in 5-10% of cases. Histopathologically, it is divided into a well differentiated tumor that is of low-grade of malignancy, and a medium and poorly differentiated tumor of high grade of malignancy. Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (CMEC) of the mandible was firstly described by Lepp in 1936, on a 66-year-old female patient. CMEC is characterized by atypical clinical image and radiological manifestation. Case Outline A 55-year-old female patient was examined at the Clinic of Dentistry in Niš, Serbia, with anamnestic data regarding the presence of painless swelling in the right side of the mandible. Considering the histopathological results and presence of enlarged lymph nodes, right hemimandibulectomy and tumour excision from pterygomandibular space followed by supraomohyoid neck dissection was done. In due course, postoperative radiotherapy was applied (60 Gy). Conclusion CMEC represents a rare tumor, characterized by local tissue destruction and ability to metastasize. Initial biopsy represented the key in preoperative planing. Radical excision with neck lymph node dissection followed by postoperative radiotherapy in our case represent a successful method of treating CMEC of the mandible. © 2016, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction/Objective A mucocele is a benign cystic but extremely expansive change in paranasal cavities, first described in literature by Langenbeck in 1820. The etiology of mucoceles is still a subject of debate. It is assumed that the obstruction of the frontal sinus duct and drainage impairment into the middle nasal meatus, as a consequence of a chronic infection, trauma, or tumor, represent one of the main causes of their occurrence. The aim of this study was to describe ophthalmological and clinical properties of frontal sinus mucoceles. Methods Our retrospective study covered a period of 10 years during which seven patients with mucocele in the frontal sinus were operated on. Results Predisposing factors for the appearance of frontal sinus mucoceles were observed in six out of seven patients – the existence of a previous surgical intervention in two patients, the existence of a previous injury in four, and one patient did not exhibit the existence of predisposing factors. Four out of seven mucoceles were located in the rear segments of the frontal sinus. The destruction of the anterior sinus wall was observed in one patient, while the process propagation toward the endocranium and the orbit was present in three out of the seven patients. Postoperative epistaxis was noted in two out of three patients treated with transfacial approaches. Conclusion Transcranial and transfacial approaches are treatment methods for advanced mucoceles with a present intraorbital, intracranial, and endonasal process propagation. © 2017, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction/Objective Nasolacrimal duct obstruction with consequent epiphora and the development of dacryocystitis (DC) represents a common pathological entity in the clinical practice of ophthalmologists and maxillofacial surgeons. The etiology of DC is multifactorial and still has not been clarified in detail. It is considered that ascending infections from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, injuries and surgical interventions in the middle third of the face, dacryoliths, tumors of the lacrimal sac and surrounding structures may be some of the etiological factors of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The aim of this study is to present clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of DC. Methods A retrospective study was carried out. It covered a period of 10 years during which 49 patients with clinically verified DC were treated after surgical examination and complete diagnostics. Out of the total number, 37 patients underwent surgery. Results The occurrence of predisposing factors was present in 80% of the patients – rhinitis and the inflammation of paranasal sinuses in 27 patients (72%), injuries and surgical interventions in the middle third of the face in nine patients (24%), whereas lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct tumors were noted in three patients (8%). Surgical failure, which was manifested in terms of recurrent DC and epiphora, was noted in six cases (16%). Conclusion Regarding the possible complications of inadequately administered antibiotic therapy and a broad spectrum of pathological entities which comprise the differential diagnosis, dacryocystorhinostomy with an adequate histopathological analysis and appropriate antibiotic therapy in the acute stage represents a right way for the treatment of DC. © 2020, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.

Introduction/Objective The anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is rare congenital disease, which causes myocardial ischemia and subsequent heart failure in infants. The aim is early and mid-term follow up evaluation of the heart function after surgical repair of ALCAPA. Methods Investigation was retrospective and included medical records of the ALCAPA patients treated surgically, between 2009 and 2017, at the tertiary referent heart center. Results Five patients (four girls) with coronary anomaly were included in the study. All patients had significantly increased left ventricular end diastolic diameter (z-score 6.6 ± 2.43) and left atria size (z-score 3.09 ± 0.37), along with decreased systolic function (ejection fraction 34.8 ± 7.4% and fractional shortening 15.5 ± 3.4%). The surgery was performed on average at the age of 8.2 ± 7.8 months. Operative treatment was associated with early improvement in echocardiographic parameters (except the size of the left atria). Patients were followed for 4.5 ± 2.6 years. Improvement in echocardiographic parameters was age-related. Patients under four months had recovery early after surgery, those treated at 5.5–6 months of age had normalization after 12 months, and patient who was recognized in the second year of life had late recovery (after ≥ 24 months). Conclusion Operative treatment in the first 3–4 months of life is related with the most favorable prognosis and rapid normalization of the echocardiographic parameters. © 2019, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved.