Browsing by Author "Gavril, Diana (57213606146)"

Background: The muscular hypothesis explanation of the pathophysiology behind paramedian platysmal bands does not seem to provide a sufficient explanation for the clinical presentation of these platysmal bands in aged individuals with cervical soft-tissue laxity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fascial relationships of the anterior neck to enhance appropriate surgical treatment. Methods: Retrospective analysis of computed tomographic scans of 50 Caucasian individuals (mean age, 55.84 ± 17.5 years) and anatomical dissections of 20 Caucasian and 10 Asian body donors (mean age, 75.88 ± 10.6 years) were conducted. Fascial adhesions were classified according to platysma fusion types, and platysma mobility was tested during dissection procedures. Results: Fusion between the left and right platysma muscles occurred in 64 percent in the suprahyoid region and in 20 percent at the thyroid cartilage, and in 16 percent, the platysma attached to the mandible without fusion. In the absence of muscular fibers, a fascial adhesion zone with limited mobility was observed where the superficial cervical fascia fused with the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia. Conclusions: Muscular contraction of the platysma results in elevation of the most medial platysma muscle fibers, which are not attached in the fascial adhesion zone. The presence of a fatty layer deep to the platysma enables platysmal movement and anterior and inferior gliding of the skin and platysma when cervical soft-tissue laxity exists. Surgical treatments should include transection of the fascial adhesion; this could potentially prevent the recurrence of paramedian platysmal bands. © 2021 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.

Background: Differences in the effectiveness of neuromodulator treatments for horizontal forehead lines dependent on depth of product administration have been described. However, knowledge in respect to the fascial anatomy of the forehead still remains elusive. Aims: To relate the fascial anatomy of the forehead to the effectiveness of neuromodulator treatments by conducting a clinical, prospective, interventional split-face study in which injections for the treatment of horizontal forehead lines are performed differently between facial sides. Methods: This study included a total of n = 14 patients with a mean age of 35.71 (7.8) years and mean body mass index of 21.9 (3.0) kg/m2. One side of the forehead was injected superficially by positioning the product in the superficial fatty layer, whereas the contralateral side was injected deep targeting the supraperiosteal plane (random selection). The treatment outcome was rated by the physician and by two independent observers according to a forehead line severity scale (0-4) at 14 and at 30 days. Results: All three observers agreed in their ratings (ICC: 0.942) that the deep injection technique resulted in a superior outcome: D14 (superficial vs deep) 0.17 (0.4) vs 0.14 (0.4; P =.583) at rest and 1.26 (0.6) vs 0.43 (0.5; P <.001) for frontalis contraction; D30 0.17 (0.4) vs 0.14 (0.3) at rest (P =.583) and 1.21 (0.6) vs 0.43 (0.5; P <.001) for frontalis contraction. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore how detailed anatomic knowledge can enhance results of aesthetic interventions, in this case horizontal forehead line treatment with neuromodulators. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC