Browsing by Author "Dožić, Branko (6507142704)"

Background/Aim. Heart transplantation is the most effective way to treat patients in the terminal stage of heart failure. Endomyocardial biopsy has proven to be a safe and appropriate technique, with little sampling error, and remains, to this day, one of the most commonly used methods for diagnosing acute rejection. In 1990, the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation defined a standardized system for grading the severity of acute transplant rejection regarding endomyocardial sampling histopathological analysis. The aim of the study was to assess the morphological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescent markers of cell- and antibody-mediated rejection of heart transplants in patients monitored during 2020. Methods. From 31 patients transplanted at the Clinic for Cardiac Surgery of the University Clinical Center of Serbia, endomyocardial biopsy material was obtained, then processed and analyzed at the Institute of Pathology of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade. Results. The average Transplant Rejection Score (TRS) value was 0.42. The Spearman's correlation test did not show a statistically significant relationship between the TRS value and the difference between the ejection fraction values three and twelve months after transplantation. Conclusion. The mean TRS value obtained in this study suggests dominant cell-mediated graft rejection. © 2022 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the Neurological clinic because of motor seizures with myoclonus of the right hand and right side of the face. The results of initial brain CT scan, chest X rays, EEG, ultrasonography of the great blood vessels and laboratory tests made in another hospital were unremarkable. Because of repeated partial seizures, transient aphasic disturbances, urinary sphincter disturbances and periodic low-grade fever the patient was transferred to our hospital four months after the disease onset. Laboratory tests and NMR suggested a nonspecific disseminated viral encephalitis. After administration of Endoxan she was ambulatory for several weeks and then became increasingly exhausted, confused, febrile, dyspneic, tachypneic and developed a shock status with hepatorenal insufficiency. She died after 7 months of disease duration. Postmortem examination revealed intravascular collections of large atypical lymphoid cells of B cell line. Blood vessels changed in this way were common in the brain and rare in other organs including skin, lungs, heart, liver, spleen and digestive system. They were not found in the lymph nodes and bone marrow. A biopsy was not done because of absence of symptomatic and swollen tissues. However, correlation of clinical feature and postmortem findings shows that absence of clinical manifestations in an organ does not mean lack of microscopic pathological changes and biopsy should be done regardless of absence of clinical signs. This case shows that intravascular lymphoma may mimic vasculitis or disseminated nonspecific viral encephalitis.

Background: Juglans (J.) nigra leaf is obtained from a plant that is used in traditional medicine in some countries to alleviate inflammatory diseases. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of J. nigra extract on acute nociceptive and inflammatory pain in rats. Methods: Antinociceptive activity was examined in Wistar rats by the tail-immersion and formalin tests. Motor function was assessed using the rotarod test. Plant extract was administered intraperitoneally. Results: In the tail-immersion test, the maximal antinociceptive effect of the plant extract (100–330 mg/kg) was about 24–30% and is the result of the effect of a high concentration of ethanol. In the formalin test, the plant extract (41.3–330 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently inhibited nociception in both phases of the test with similar maximal effects of about 76% and 85%. Only the plant extract at the dose of 330 mg/kg caused a significant time-dependent reduction in time spent on the rotarod. Conclusions: In rats, the preventive systemic administration of the hydroethanolic extract of J. nigra leaf reduced chemically but not thermally induced pain. Higher efficacy was obtained in pain associated with inflammation and tissue injury. The antinociceptive effect is dose-dependent and may be limited by motor impairment. © The Author(s) 2022.

Background: Juglans (J.) nigra leaf is obtained from a plant that is used in traditional medicine in some countries to alleviate inflammatory diseases. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of J. nigra extract on acute nociceptive and inflammatory pain in rats. Methods: Antinociceptive activity was examined in Wistar rats by the tail-immersion and formalin tests. Motor function was assessed using the rotarod test. Plant extract was administered intraperitoneally. Results: In the tail-immersion test, the maximal antinociceptive effect of the plant extract (100–330 mg/kg) was about 24–30% and is the result of the effect of a high concentration of ethanol. In the formalin test, the plant extract (41.3–330 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently inhibited nociception in both phases of the test with similar maximal effects of about 76% and 85%. Only the plant extract at the dose of 330 mg/kg caused a significant time-dependent reduction in time spent on the rotarod. Conclusions: In rats, the preventive systemic administration of the hydroethanolic extract of J. nigra leaf reduced chemically but not thermally induced pain. Higher efficacy was obtained in pain associated with inflammation and tissue injury. The antinociceptive effect is dose-dependent and may be limited by motor impairment. © The Author(s) 2022.

Background: Magnesium is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. This study aimed to investigate the anti-edematous effect of magnesium sulfate (MS) in different protocols of use and the possible mechanism of its action. Methods: In a rat model of carrageenan-induced paw inflammation, the anti-edematous activity of MS was assessed with a plethysmometer. The effects of the nonselective inhibitor (L-NAME), selective inhibitor of neuronal (L-NPA) and inducible (SMT) nitric oxide synthase on the effects of MS were evaluated. Results: MS administered systemically before or after inflammation reduced edema by 30% (5 mg/kg, P <.05) and 55% (30 mg/kg, P <.05). MS administered locally (.5 mg/paw, P <.05) significantly prevented the development of inflammatory edema by 60%. L-NAME, intraperitoneally administered before MS, potentiated (5 mg/kg, P <.05) or reduced (3 mg/kg, P <.05), while in the highest tested dose L-NPA (2 mg/kg, P <.01) and SMT (.015 mg/kg, P <.01) reduced the anti-edematous effect of MS. Conclusions: Magnesium is a more effective anti-edematous drug in therapy than for preventing inflammatory edema. The effect of MS is achieved after systemic and local peripheral administration and when MS is administered as a single drug in a single dose. This effect is mediated at least in part via the production of nitric oxide. © The Author(s) 2023.

Background: Magnesium is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. This study aimed to investigate the anti-edematous effect of magnesium sulfate (MS) in different protocols of use and the possible mechanism of its action. Methods: In a rat model of carrageenan-induced paw inflammation, the anti-edematous activity of MS was assessed with a plethysmometer. The effects of the nonselective inhibitor (L-NAME), selective inhibitor of neuronal (L-NPA) and inducible (SMT) nitric oxide synthase on the effects of MS were evaluated. Results: MS administered systemically before or after inflammation reduced edema by 30% (5 mg/kg, P <.05) and 55% (30 mg/kg, P <.05). MS administered locally (.5 mg/paw, P <.05) significantly prevented the development of inflammatory edema by 60%. L-NAME, intraperitoneally administered before MS, potentiated (5 mg/kg, P <.05) or reduced (3 mg/kg, P <.05), while in the highest tested dose L-NPA (2 mg/kg, P <.01) and SMT (.015 mg/kg, P <.01) reduced the anti-edematous effect of MS. Conclusions: Magnesium is a more effective anti-edematous drug in therapy than for preventing inflammatory edema. The effect of MS is achieved after systemic and local peripheral administration and when MS is administered as a single drug in a single dose. This effect is mediated at least in part via the production of nitric oxide. © The Author(s) 2023.