Browsing by Author "Djurić, Dragan (36016317400)"

We report a study on the relation between open-field behavior and electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during lindane-induced seizures in 2-month-old adult male Wistar rats. For chronic EEG recordings and power spectra analysis, 3 electrodes were implanted into the skull. Three groups of animals, (i) saline-injected control (n = 6), (ii) DMSO-treated (n = 6), and (iii) lindane intraperitoneally administered: L4 (4 mg/kg,n = 10), L 6 (6 mg/kg, n = 11), and L8 (8 mg/kg, n = 11), were observed for 30 min for the occurrence of convulsive behavior. It was assessed by incidence of motor seizures, and seizure severity grade was determined by a descriptive rating scale (0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus with full rearing; 3, progression to generalized clonic convulsions followed by tonic extension of fore and hind limbs and tail; 4, status epilepticus). EEG signal and spectral analyses were suitable to describe the dynamics of complex behavioral responses. Incidence and severity of epileptic manifestations, recorded as high voltage spike-wave complexes, polyspikes, sleep-like patterns in EEG, and power spectra changes, were greater in lindane-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner compared with control or DMSO-treated groups. Our results suggest good correlation between lindane-induced epileptiform activity and behavioral changes. © 2008 NRC.

We report a study on the relation between open-field behavior and electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during lindane-induced seizures in 2-month-old adult male Wistar rats. For chronic EEG recordings and power spectra analysis, 3 electrodes were implanted into the skull. Three groups of animals, (i) saline-injected control (n = 6), (ii) DMSO-treated (n = 6), and (iii) lindane intraperitoneally administered: L4 (4 mg/kg,n = 10), L 6 (6 mg/kg, n = 11), and L8 (8 mg/kg, n = 11), were observed for 30 min for the occurrence of convulsive behavior. It was assessed by incidence of motor seizures, and seizure severity grade was determined by a descriptive rating scale (0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus with full rearing; 3, progression to generalized clonic convulsions followed by tonic extension of fore and hind limbs and tail; 4, status epilepticus). EEG signal and spectral analyses were suitable to describe the dynamics of complex behavioral responses. Incidence and severity of epileptic manifestations, recorded as high voltage spike-wave complexes, polyspikes, sleep-like patterns in EEG, and power spectra changes, were greater in lindane-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner compared with control or DMSO-treated groups. Our results suggest good correlation between lindane-induced epileptiform activity and behavioral changes. © 2008 NRC.

Chronic ethanol consumption is a major risk factor for epilepsy, and seizures frequently occur during the withdrawal period. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of ethanol on lindane-induced seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected i.p. with one of the following 5 treatments: (i) saline, (ii) dimethylsulfoxide, (iii) lindane (8 mg/kg) (L), (iv) ethanol in doses of 0.5 g/kg (E0.5), 1 g/kg (E1), and 2 g/kg (E 2), and (v) groups that received ethanol 30 min before lindane (LE0.5, LE1, and LE2). Behavioral changes were described by using a descriptive scale as follows: 0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus; 3, generalized tonic-clonic convulsions; 4, status epilepticus. The incidence of convulsions in the LE2 group was significantly lower than the incidence in the L (p < 0.01) and LE0.5 groups (p < 0.05). The median grade of convulsive behavior was significantly lower in the LE2 (p < 0.01) and LE1 groups (p < 0.05) compared with the L group. Latencies to the first seizure response were not significantly different among groups. ED50 of ethanol was 1.40 (1.19-1.65). Our findings suggest that ethanol decreased severity and incidence of lindane-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner. © 2008 NRC Canada.

Chronic ethanol consumption is a major risk factor for epilepsy, and seizures frequently occur during the withdrawal period. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of ethanol on lindane-induced seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected i.p. with one of the following 5 treatments: (i) saline, (ii) dimethylsulfoxide, (iii) lindane (8 mg/kg) (L), (iv) ethanol in doses of 0.5 g/kg (E0.5), 1 g/kg (E1), and 2 g/kg (E 2), and (v) groups that received ethanol 30 min before lindane (LE0.5, LE1, and LE2). Behavioral changes were described by using a descriptive scale as follows: 0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus; 3, generalized tonic-clonic convulsions; 4, status epilepticus. The incidence of convulsions in the LE2 group was significantly lower than the incidence in the L (p < 0.01) and LE0.5 groups (p < 0.05). The median grade of convulsive behavior was significantly lower in the LE2 (p < 0.01) and LE1 groups (p < 0.05) compared with the L group. Latencies to the first seizure response were not significantly different among groups. ED50 of ethanol was 1.40 (1.19-1.65). Our findings suggest that ethanol decreased severity and incidence of lindane-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner. © 2008 NRC Canada.

Background/Aim. Previous studies have confirmed a positive correlation between homocysteine levels and a greater risk for acute coronary syndrome and stroke, but there are no available data to support an association between homocysteine and inflammatory markers and the severity of coronary artery disease according to the clinical SYNTAX score in patients with stable angina. The aim was to determine the association between homocysteine and inflammatory biomarker levels: interleukin (IL)-6, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the severity of coronary artery disease according to clinical SYNTAX score. Methods. Eighty-two patients with stable angina pectoris (average age 65 ± 8 years, 28.9% females) underwent coronary angiography and were divided into three groups according to the clinical SYNTAX score: the group I < 22 (39 patients), the group II 23–32 (16 patients), the group III > 33 (27 patients). The severity and complexity of coronary artery disease were calculated by clinical SYNTAX score, multiplying the SYNTAX score with the modified ACEF score, based on the patients’ left ventricular ejection fraction, age and creatinine clearance (derived with Cockcroft–Gault equation). Results. Homocysteine levels were significantly higher in patients with high clinical SYNTAX score [the group I: median (interquartile range – IQR): 10.20 (3.97), the group II: 10.45 (5.77), the group III: 14.70 (7.50), p = 0.005]. Patients in the group III had significantly higher homocysteine levels compared to the group I (p = 0.001). We also found a positive association between inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, hsCRP, fibrinogen, ESR) and the severity of coronary artery disease according to the clinical SYNTAX score (p = 0.017, 0.001, 0.032, 0.049 respectively). We detected significantly lower plasma levels of vitamin B12 in the group III and group II in comparison with the group I (the group I: median (IQR): 238 (160), the group II: 171 (160), the group III: 172 (102), p = 0.022), which indicates its important role in homocysteine metabolism. Conclusion. The elevated plasma levels of homocysteine, IL-6, hsCRP, fibrinogen, ESR were detected in patients with high clinical SYNTAX score (> 33). Our results showed that hyperhomocysteinemia and some inflammatory biomarkers can predict more severe and extensive coronary artery disease in stable angina patients. © 2021 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

We investigated the effects of hypothermia on the incidence and EEG signs of audiogenic seizures in rats treated with metaphit (1- [1(3isothiocyanatophenyl)-cyclohexyl] piperidine), an experimental model of generalized reflex epilepsy. After i.p. injection with metaphit (10 mg/kg) Wistar rats were exposed to audiogenic stimulation at hourly intervals during the time course of the experiment. After intermittent use of an ice pack 8 h after the metaphit treatment, when seizure was fully developed, the body temperature was reduced to 30 ± 0.5°C in one half of the rats, and maintained at 37 ± 0.5°C in the other half. Saline-injected rats served as a control group. In the hypothermia group, the incidence of audiogenic seizures induced by metaphit was completely suppressed during the 3 consecutive testing times, while no signs of epileptiform activity were noted in EEG tracings. The termination of hypothermic treatment resulted in the recovery of seizure susceptibility, and during audiogenic stimulation, bursts of spiking activity were recorded in the EEGs of metaphit-treated rats. These findings indicate that moderate body hypothermia is an effective anticonvulsant treatment for audiogenic seizures in metaphit-treated rats. © 2007 NRC.

We investigated the effects of hypothermia on the incidence and EEG signs of audiogenic seizures in rats treated with metaphit (1- [1(3isothiocyanatophenyl)-cyclohexyl] piperidine), an experimental model of generalized reflex epilepsy. After i.p. injection with metaphit (10 mg/kg) Wistar rats were exposed to audiogenic stimulation at hourly intervals during the time course of the experiment. After intermittent use of an ice pack 8 h after the metaphit treatment, when seizure was fully developed, the body temperature was reduced to 30 ± 0.5°C in one half of the rats, and maintained at 37 ± 0.5°C in the other half. Saline-injected rats served as a control group. In the hypothermia group, the incidence of audiogenic seizures induced by metaphit was completely suppressed during the 3 consecutive testing times, while no signs of epileptiform activity were noted in EEG tracings. The termination of hypothermic treatment resulted in the recovery of seizure susceptibility, and during audiogenic stimulation, bursts of spiking activity were recorded in the EEGs of metaphit-treated rats. These findings indicate that moderate body hypothermia is an effective anticonvulsant treatment for audiogenic seizures in metaphit-treated rats. © 2007 NRC.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of acute, single boost of physical activity on seizures induced by homocysteine thiolactone in rats, using treadmill for small experimental animals as a paradigm of physical activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After adaptation to the treadmill, Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into acute physical activity and sedentary group. Animals from the acute physical activity group ran at the speed of 25 m/min for 30 min, while the sedentary group spent the same time in the treadmill with the speed of 0 m/min. Immediately after completion of the training, all animals were administered with the D, L homocysteine thiolactone at a dose of 5.5 mmol/kg, i.p. Convulsive behavior (incidence, severity, seizure latency and number of seizure episodes per rat) was observed during the next 90 min. RESULTS: After acute administration of homocysteine, the latency to the first seizure in trained group wasn't significantly shortened, nor the number of convulsive episodes per rat, compared to the sedentary group of animals. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in the incidence and intensity of convulsive episodes. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study we can conclude that acute boost of physical activity does not potentiates seizures induced by homocysteine thiolactone in rat, what is a favorable conclusion for patients with epilepsy. © 2016 Act Nerv Super Rediviva.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of acute, single boost of physical activity on seizures induced by homocysteine thiolactone in rats, using treadmill for small experimental animals as a paradigm of physical activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After adaptation to the treadmill, Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into acute physical activity and sedentary group. Animals from the acute physical activity group ran at the speed of 25 m/min for 30 min, while the sedentary group spent the same time in the treadmill with the speed of 0 m/min. Immediately after completion of the training, all animals were administered with the D, L homocysteine thiolactone at a dose of 5.5 mmol/kg, i.p. Convulsive behavior (incidence, severity, seizure latency and number of seizure episodes per rat) was observed during the next 90 min. RESULTS: After acute administration of homocysteine, the latency to the first seizure in trained group wasn't significantly shortened, nor the number of convulsive episodes per rat, compared to the sedentary group of animals. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in the incidence and intensity of convulsive episodes. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study we can conclude that acute boost of physical activity does not potentiates seizures induced by homocysteine thiolactone in rat, what is a favorable conclusion for patients with epilepsy. © 2016 Act Nerv Super Rediviva.

Background/Aim. Chronically induced hypermethioninemia leads to hyperhomocysteinemia which causes oxidative stress, atherogenesis, neurodegeneration and cancer. However, little is known about the acute and subchronic effects of DL-methionine (Met). The aim of study was to assess the effects of acutely and subchronically applied Met on oxidative stress parameters in rat plasma [enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and index of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA)], and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat cardiac tissue. Methods. The enzymes activities, as well as MDA concentration were evaluated following acute (n = 8) and subchronic (n = 10) application of Met [i.p. 0.8 mmoL/kg body weight (b.w.) in a single dose in the acute overload or daily during three weeks in the subchronic overload]. The same was done in the control groups following application of physiological solution [i.p. 1 mL 0.9% NaCl (n = 8) in the acute overload and 0.1–0.2 mL 0.9% NaCl, daily during three weeks (n =10) in the subchronic overload]. Tested parameters were evaluated 60 minutes after application in acute experiments and after three weeks of treatment in subchronic experiments. Results. There were no difference in homocysteine values between the groups treated with Met for three weeks and the control group. Met administration significantly increased the activity of CAT and GPx after 1 h compared to the control group (p = 0.008 for both enzymes), whereas the activity of SOD and MDA concentrations were unchanged. Subchronically applied Met did not affect activity of antioxidant enzymes and MDA level. AChE activity did not show any change in rat cardiac tissue after 1 h, but it was significantly decreased after the subchronic treatment (p = 0.041). Conclusion. Results of present research indicate that Met differently affects estimated parameters during acute and subchronic application. In the acute treatment Met mobilizes the most part of antioxidant enzymes while during the subchronic treatment these changes seems to be lost. On the contrary, the acute Met overload was not sufficient to influence on the AChE activity, while longer duration of Met loading diminished function of the enzyme. These findings point out that methionine can interfere with antioxidant defense system and cholinergic control of the heart function. © 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the main cause of mortality in diabetics. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in diabetics is much more often than in non-diabetics. MMP-9 activity could ease the formation of atherosclerosis, destabilization and plaque rupture as well as thrombocyte aggregation. The aim of this study is to examine: MMP-9 defining in serum in diabetics; the impact of diabetes mellitus on atherosclerosis and MMP-9 level; relation between serum values of MMP-9 and markers of glycoregulation and lipid status, respectively. Results: The greatest concentration of both total and active MMP-9 serum has been noted in diabetics group with ACS. Both total and active MMP-9 values, in group with diabetes and ACS showed significantly important difference regarding the values in control group. Total and active MMP-9 showed statistically important correlation between the values of glycated hemoglobine A1c (HbA1c) and inverse correlations with values of subfraction HDL3.Active MMP-9 showed statistically important inverse correlation with value of HDL cholesterol. In conclusion: According to the results, it has been thought that active MMP-9 shows a certain degree of atherosclerotic changes on blood vessels better than total MMP-9. MMP-9, active one, could present an early marker of atherosclerosis, especially on coronary blood vessels, in diabetics with type 2. © 2011 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.