Browsing by Author "Bukhari, Areej (36174013700)"

In the present study, we analyzed 17 Y-STR loci in 350 Tibetan males from three culturally defined regions of historical Tibet: Amdo (88), Kham (109) and U-Tsang (153). A total of 299 haplotypes were observed, 272 (90.9%) of which were unique. Only one Y-STR profile is shared across the three Tibetan groups and, incidentally, is also the most frequent haplotype (4.0%), represented by two, five and seven individuals from U-Tsang, Kham and Amdo, respectively. The overall haplotype diversity for the three Tibetan populations at 17 Y-STR loci was 0.9978 and the corresponding values for the extended (11-loci) and minimal (9-loci) haplotypes were 0.9935 and 0.9909, respectively. Both neighbor-joining and Rst pairwise analyses suggest a close genetic relationship between the Amdo and Kham populations, while U-Tsang is genetically distinct from the aforementioned groups. The results demonstrate that the 17 Y-STR loci analyzed are highly polymorphic in all three Tibetan populations examined and hence useful for forensic cases, paternity testing and population genetic studies. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

In the present study, we analyzed 17 Y-STR loci in 350 Tibetan males from three culturally defined regions of historical Tibet: Amdo (88), Kham (109) and U-Tsang (153). A total of 299 haplotypes were observed, 272 (90.9%) of which were unique. Only one Y-STR profile is shared across the three Tibetan groups and, incidentally, is also the most frequent haplotype (4.0%), represented by two, five and seven individuals from U-Tsang, Kham and Amdo, respectively. The overall haplotype diversity for the three Tibetan populations at 17 Y-STR loci was 0.9978 and the corresponding values for the extended (11-loci) and minimal (9-loci) haplotypes were 0.9935 and 0.9909, respectively. Both neighbor-joining and Rst pairwise analyses suggest a close genetic relationship between the Amdo and Kham populations, while U-Tsang is genetically distinct from the aforementioned groups. The results demonstrate that the 17 Y-STR loci analyzed are highly polymorphic in all three Tibetan populations examined and hence useful for forensic cases, paternity testing and population genetic studies. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Linguistic and ethnic diversity throughout the Himalayas suggests that this mountain range played an important role in shaping the genetic landscapes of the region. Previous Y-chromosome work revealed that the Himalayas acted as a biased bidirectional barrier to gene flow across the cordillera. In the present study, 17 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci included in the AmpFlSTR® Yfiler kit were analyzed in 344 unrelated males from three Nepalese populations (Tamang, Newar, and Kathmandu) and a general collection from Tibet. The latter displays the highest haplotype diversity (0.9990) followed by Kathmandu (0.9977), Newar (0.9570), and Tamang (0.9545). The overall haplotype diversity for the Himalayan populations at 17 Y-STR loci was 0.9973, and the corresponding values for the extended (11 loci) and minimal (nine loci) haplotypes were 0.9955 and 0.9942, respectively. No Y-STR profiles are shared across the four Himalayan collections at the 17-, 11-, and nine-locus resolutions considered, indicating a lack of recent gene flow among them. Phylogenetic analyses support our previous findings that Kathmandu, and to some extent Newar, received significant genetic influence from India while Tamang and Tibet exhibit limited or no gene flow from the subcontinent. A median-joining network of haplogroup O3a3c-M134 based on 15 Y-STR loci from our four Himalayan populations suggests either a male founder effect in Tamang, possibly from Tibet, or a recent bottleneck following their arrival south of the Himalayas from Tibet leading to their highly reduced Y single-nucleotide polymorphism and Y-STR diversity. The genetic uniqueness of the four Himalayan populations examined in this study merits the creation of separate databases for individual identification, parentage analysis, and population genetic studies. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

Afghanistan's unique geostrategic position in Eurasia has historically attracted commerce, conflict and conquest to the region. It was also an important stop along the Silk Road, connecting the far eastern civilizations with the western world. Nevertheless, limited genetic studies have been performed in Afghan populations. In this study, 17 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci were typed to evaluate their forensic and population genetic applications in 189 unrelated Afghan males geographically partitioned along the Hindu Kush Mountain range into north (N= 44) and south (N= 145) populations. North Afghanistan (0.9734, 0.9905) exhibits higher haplotype diversity than south Afghanistan (0.9408, 0.9813) at both the minimal 9-loci and 17-loci Yfiler haplotypes, respectively. The overall haplotype diversity for both Afghan populations at 17 Y-STR loci is 0.9850 and the corresponding value for the minimal 9-loci haplotypes is 0.9487. A query using of the most frequent Afghan Yfiler haplotype (7.98%) against the worldwide Y-STR haplotype reference database (YHRD) returned no profile match, indicating a high power of discrimination with 17 Y-STR loci. A median-joining network based on 15 Y-STR loci displays limited haplotype sharing between the two Afghan populations, possibly due to the Hindu Kush Mountain range serving as a natural barrier to gene flow between the two regions. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Afghanistan's unique geostrategic position in Eurasia has historically attracted commerce, conflict and conquest to the region. It was also an important stop along the Silk Road, connecting the far eastern civilizations with the western world. Nevertheless, limited genetic studies have been performed in Afghan populations. In this study, 17 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci were typed to evaluate their forensic and population genetic applications in 189 unrelated Afghan males geographically partitioned along the Hindu Kush Mountain range into north (N= 44) and south (N= 145) populations. North Afghanistan (0.9734, 0.9905) exhibits higher haplotype diversity than south Afghanistan (0.9408, 0.9813) at both the minimal 9-loci and 17-loci Yfiler haplotypes, respectively. The overall haplotype diversity for both Afghan populations at 17 Y-STR loci is 0.9850 and the corresponding value for the minimal 9-loci haplotypes is 0.9487. A query using of the most frequent Afghan Yfiler haplotype (7.98%) against the worldwide Y-STR haplotype reference database (YHRD) returned no profile match, indicating a high power of discrimination with 17 Y-STR loci. A median-joining network based on 15 Y-STR loci displays limited haplotype sharing between the two Afghan populations, possibly due to the Hindu Kush Mountain range serving as a natural barrier to gene flow between the two regions. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.