Browsing by Author "Bozanovic, Tatjana (57200447516)"

Although the maternal mortality rate has decreased and significant improvements have been made in maternal care, maternal death remains one of the substantial problems of our society. The leading causes of maternal death are postpartum hemorrhage, the most important cause of death in developing countries, and preeclampsia and venous thromboembolism, which are more prevalent in developed countries. To treat these conditions, a variety of therapeutic approaches, including pharmacologic agents and surgical techniques, have been adopted. However, a certain number of pregnant women do not respond to any of these options. That is the main reason for developing new therapeutic approaches. Biological medications are isolated from natural sources or produced by biotechnology methods. Heparin is already successfully used in the therapy of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Blood derivatives, used in an autologous or allogenic manner, have proven to be efficacious in achieving hemostasis in postpartum hemorrhage. Mesenchymal stem cells, alpha-1-microglobulin, and antithrombin exhibit promising results in the treatment of preeclampsia in experimental models. However, it is essential to evaluate these novel approaches' efficacy and safety profile throughout clinical trials before they can become a standard part of patient care. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

Advanced gynecological malignancies and their treatment are often associated complications requiring urgent management. We have addressed different situations including medical and surgical emergencies with emphasis on the most serious complications necessitating hospital admission. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.

HE R-2 and the vascular endothelial factor receptor (VEGF) represent validated targets for the therapy of multiple tumor types and inhibitors of these receptors have gained increasing importance in the clinic. In this context, novel bioactive agents associated with better therapeutic outcomes and improved safety profile are urgently required. Specifically engineered HE R-2- and VEGF-derived peptides in combination with low-dose chemotherapy might provide a substantial impact on tumor metastasis and cancer progression. We tested the antitumor effects of HE R-2 and VEGF peptide mimics in combination with metronomic paclitaxel in both PyMT and Balb/c murine model challenged with TUBO cells. The combination of low-dose paclitaxel and HE R-2 or VEGF peptide mimics had greater inhibitory effects than either agent alone. Peptide treatment caused virtually no cardiotoxic effects, while paclitaxel and the anti-HE R-2 antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin), exerted consistent cardiotoxicity. The combination regimen also promoted significant reductions in tumor burden and prolonged survival rates in both transgenic and transplantable tumor models. Tumor weights were significantly reduced in mice treated with HE R-2 peptides alone, and even more in animals that received HE R-2 peptide with low-dose paclitaxel, which alone had no significant effects on tumor growth in the transgenic model. Specifically engineered native peptide sequences from HE R-2 and VEGF used in combination with metronomic paclitaxel demonstrate enhanced anticancer efficacy and an encouraging safety profile. This novel approach to targeted therapy may offer new avenues for the treatment of breast cancer and other solid tumors that overexpress HE R-2 and VEGF. © 2012 Landes Bioscience.

HE R-2 and the vascular endothelial factor receptor (VEGF) represent validated targets for the therapy of multiple tumor types and inhibitors of these receptors have gained increasing importance in the clinic. In this context, novel bioactive agents associated with better therapeutic outcomes and improved safety profile are urgently required. Specifically engineered HE R-2- and VEGF-derived peptides in combination with low-dose chemotherapy might provide a substantial impact on tumor metastasis and cancer progression. We tested the antitumor effects of HE R-2 and VEGF peptide mimics in combination with metronomic paclitaxel in both PyMT and Balb/c murine model challenged with TUBO cells. The combination of low-dose paclitaxel and HE R-2 or VEGF peptide mimics had greater inhibitory effects than either agent alone. Peptide treatment caused virtually no cardiotoxic effects, while paclitaxel and the anti-HE R-2 antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin), exerted consistent cardiotoxicity. The combination regimen also promoted significant reductions in tumor burden and prolonged survival rates in both transgenic and transplantable tumor models. Tumor weights were significantly reduced in mice treated with HE R-2 peptides alone, and even more in animals that received HE R-2 peptide with low-dose paclitaxel, which alone had no significant effects on tumor growth in the transgenic model. Specifically engineered native peptide sequences from HE R-2 and VEGF used in combination with metronomic paclitaxel demonstrate enhanced anticancer efficacy and an encouraging safety profile. This novel approach to targeted therapy may offer new avenues for the treatment of breast cancer and other solid tumors that overexpress HE R-2 and VEGF. © 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Objective: The present study purposed to determine characteristics of ovarian carcinoma and to analyze predictors of survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including the patients with diagnosed ovarian carcinoma treated at the Clinic for Operative Oncology, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina in the period from January 2012 to December 2016. Seventy-two women with ovarian carcinoma were included in the analysis. The data about the histological type of tumor, disease stage, treatment, lymphatic infiltration, and surgical procedure were collected retrospectively, using the database of the institution where the research was conducted (BirPis 21 SRC Infonet DOO ‒ Information System Oncology Institute of Vojvodina). Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model were performed. Results: The univariate Cox regression analysis identified histology, tumor grade, FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage, NACT (Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy), number of therapy cycles, type of surgery, and chemotherapy response as independent predictors of mortality. Finally, the type of tumor and chemotherapy response had an increased hazard ratio for mortality in the multivariate Cox regression model. Herewith, the percentage of high-grade, advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients with complete response to chemotherapy, absence of recurrent disease, and lymphovascular space invasion were significant predictors of survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Conclusions: Herein, emerging data regarding precision medicine and molecular-based personalized treatments are promising and will likely modify the way the authors provide multiple lines of treatments in the near future. © 2023 HCFMUSP

Programmed Cell Death-1 (PCD-1) is a key immune checkpoint receptor, which mainly expresses on activated T, B, Dendritic (DC), Natural Killer (NK), and Treg cells. On the surface of activated T-cells, PCD-1 expression is upregulated after the recognition of peripherals antigens by T cells; subsequently, the elevated binding of PD-1 to Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) and Programmed Death Ligand-2 (PD-L2) becomes a key step for downstream inhibitory signaling. Although the role of PD-L1 has been evaluated more thoroughly by clinical research, and PD-L1 has also been used more widely in the clinical setting, PD-L2 also plays an important role in the negative regulation of T-cells, one of the necessary conditions that lead to immune tolerance. Expression of PD-L1 either in tumors or in infiltrating immune cells has been verified predominantly by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a variety of tumors, suggesting a role for the PD-1/PD-L1 axis as a prognostic trait and therapeutic target across multiple histotypes. The complex interplay between these factors plays a major role in the diffusion and clinical application of PD-L1 IHC assays as predictive biomarkers of response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Checkpoint blockades are registered for the treatment of various cancers, including gynecological malignancies. © 2023 HCFMUSP

Although relatively uncommon, congenital abnormalities in the thorax are important because of the potential effect on lung growth as well as the effect of the intrinsic abnormality. © 2017, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objective: Despite the considerable disease burden of ovarian cancer, there were no cost studies in Central and Eastern Europe. This study aimed to describe treatment patterns, health care utilization, and costs associated with treating ovarian cancer in Hungary, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia. Method: Overall clinical practice for management of epithelial ovarian cancer was investigated through a 3-round Delphi panel. Experts completed a survey based on the chart review (n = 1542). The survey was developed based on clinical guidelines and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Annual Report. Means, ranges, and outlier values were discussed with the experts during a telephone interview. Finally, consensus estimates were obtained in face-to-face workshops. Based on these results, overall cost of ovarian cancer was estimated using a Markov model. Results: The patients included in the chart review were followed up from presurgical diagnosis and in each phase of treatment, that is, surgical staging and primary surgery, chemotherapy and chemotherapy monitoring, follow-up, and palliative care. The 5-year overall cost per patient was ε14,100 to ε16,300 in Hungary, ε14,600 to ε15,800 in Poland, ε7600 to ε8100 in Serbia, and ε12,400 to ε14,500 in Slovakia. The main components were chemotherapy-associated costs (68%Y74% of the total cost), followed by cost of primary treatment with surgery (15%Y21%) and palliative care (3%Y10%). Conclusions: Patients with ovarian cancer consume considerable health care resources and incur substantial costs in Central and Eastern Europe. These findings may prove useful for clinicians and decision makers in understanding the economic implications of managing ovarian cancer in Central and Eastern Europe and the need for innovative therapies. ORIGINAL STUDY © 2013 by IGCS and ESGO.