Browsing by Author "Avram, Nada (57223127632)"

Background: Undernutrition disorder is a prevalent comorbidity (up to 25%) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients which significantly compromises their health. We aimed to assess the association between single nucleotide poly-morphysms (SNPs) adiponectin (ADIPOQ) +276 (G/T) and resistin (RETN)-420 (C/G) with the risk of developing T2D and undernutrition in patients with T2D. Methods: The research was conducted as prospective case-control study among 106 patients with T2D and 106 healthy control individuals in the territory of the Bosnia and Herzegovina from Sep 1st 2022 to May 1st 2023. For assessing the nutritional status, the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was used. DNA analysis was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test for independent samples and binary multivariate logistic regression. Results: The research included 212 subjects of which 124 (58.5%) were male. The mean age of the subjects was 68.48±4,67 yr. Almost 20% of subjects were undernourished, significantly more T2D patients when compared to controls (33% vs. 6.6%; P<0.001). ADIPOQ +276 GT genotype was identified as significant predictor of T2D (OR: 3.454; 95% CI: 1.400-8.521; P=0.007) and undernutrition disorder (OR: 3.453; 95% CI: 1.331-8.961; P=0.011) in T2D population, while the presence of RETN-420 CG genotype had protective effect against occur-rence of T2D (OR: 0.353; 95% CI: 0.144-0.867; P=0.023). However, RETN genotypes were not associated with undernutrition disorder. Conclusion: ADIPOQ +276 gene polymorphism represent a significant predictor for development of T2D and undernutrition disorder in T2D population, while RETN-420 gene polymorphism was identified as a significant factor associated with a reduced risk for T2D, but was not associated with undernutrition. © 2025 Vuković et al.

Introduction. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is character-ized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in various tissues, including blood vessels, but primarily in the respira-tory tract and kidneys. Clinical manifestations can be di-verse, including inflammation of the eye and adnexa. Optic neuritis is a very rare ophthalmological manifestation of GPA, not previously described in a teenager. Case report. We presented a case of a 16-year-old girl with a rare extrap-ulmonary manifestation of GPA. The girl had a previous history of GPA and complained of a sudden blurred vision in the left eye. She was promptly referred to an ophthalmol-ogist who noted a decreased visual acuity of 20/400 in the left eye. Colour vision was impaired in the spectrum of red colour. Clinical examination revealed normal anterior seg-ment findings. On ophthalmoscopy, the left optic nerve oe-dema was noted. Urgent computed tomography of the left orbit showed a soft tissue mass around the optic nerve in the apex of the orbit. Magnetic resonance imaging con-firmed the diagnosis of optic perineuritis. After pulse doses of methylprednisolone, the girl achieved complete resolu-tion of vision in the left eye. Conclusion. If untreated, in-flammation of the optic nerve can lead to a permanent loss of vision. Prompt diagnostic and adequate treatment of pa-tients with GPA is needed in order to prevent vision-threatening complications and control the systemic disease. © 2021 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

Background: The aim of the study was to detect the changes in retinal and choroidal vasculature via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) by comparing the quantitative OCTA parameters in patients with and without myotonic dystrophies (DM). Material: The cross-sectional study. Forty-one consecutive patients affected by DMs were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were molecular diagnosis of DM types 1 and 2. To avoid the age effect on microvascular changes and to justify a comparison between DM1 and DM2 patients, two control groups matched for sex and age were established. Results: The vascular density was found to be significantly decreased in the DM groups compared to the controls in the macular, parafoveal and perifoveal zone of superficial capillary plexus (p < 0.001 for the DM1 group, and p = 0.001, p = 0.005 and p = 0.026, respectively, for the DM2 group), as well as in the macular zone in the deep capillary plexus for DM1 (p = 0.002) and deep macular and perifoveal zone for DM2 (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, respectively). The foveal avascular zone showed no significant differences between DM1 and DM2 compared to their control groups (p = 0.320 and p = 0.945, respectively). Conclusion: Our results show that DM is associated not only with the classic pigmentary changes but also with superficial and deep retinal microvasculature abnormalities, suggesting that these changes may be related to local hypoperfusion. Optical coherence tomography angiography is a useful tool for the diagnosis and characterization of retinal changes in DM and should be part of the standard evaluation of these patients. © The Author(s) 2024.