Browsing by Author "Šćepanović, Ljiljana (6506067087)"

Chronic ethanol consumption is a major risk factor for epilepsy, and seizures frequently occur during the withdrawal period. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of ethanol on lindane-induced seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected i.p. with one of the following 5 treatments: (i) saline, (ii) dimethylsulfoxide, (iii) lindane (8 mg/kg) (L), (iv) ethanol in doses of 0.5 g/kg (E0.5), 1 g/kg (E1), and 2 g/kg (E 2), and (v) groups that received ethanol 30 min before lindane (LE0.5, LE1, and LE2). Behavioral changes were described by using a descriptive scale as follows: 0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus; 3, generalized tonic-clonic convulsions; 4, status epilepticus. The incidence of convulsions in the LE2 group was significantly lower than the incidence in the L (p < 0.01) and LE0.5 groups (p < 0.05). The median grade of convulsive behavior was significantly lower in the LE2 (p < 0.01) and LE1 groups (p < 0.05) compared with the L group. Latencies to the first seizure response were not significantly different among groups. ED50 of ethanol was 1.40 (1.19-1.65). Our findings suggest that ethanol decreased severity and incidence of lindane-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner. © 2008 NRC Canada.

Chronic ethanol consumption is a major risk factor for epilepsy, and seizures frequently occur during the withdrawal period. The aim of our study was to investigate effects of ethanol on lindane-induced seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected i.p. with one of the following 5 treatments: (i) saline, (ii) dimethylsulfoxide, (iii) lindane (8 mg/kg) (L), (iv) ethanol in doses of 0.5 g/kg (E0.5), 1 g/kg (E1), and 2 g/kg (E 2), and (v) groups that received ethanol 30 min before lindane (LE0.5, LE1, and LE2). Behavioral changes were described by using a descriptive scale as follows: 0, no response; 1, head nodding, lower jaw twitching; 2, myoclonic body jerks, bilateral forelimb clonus; 3, generalized tonic-clonic convulsions; 4, status epilepticus. The incidence of convulsions in the LE2 group was significantly lower than the incidence in the L (p < 0.01) and LE0.5 groups (p < 0.05). The median grade of convulsive behavior was significantly lower in the LE2 (p < 0.01) and LE1 groups (p < 0.05) compared with the L group. Latencies to the first seizure response were not significantly different among groups. ED50 of ethanol was 1.40 (1.19-1.65). Our findings suggest that ethanol decreased severity and incidence of lindane-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner. © 2008 NRC Canada.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the association between oxygenation index (OI) and outcome in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Patients and Methods: Patients (age, >30 days) in the pediatric intensive care unit from April 2011 to March 2016 with ARDS and who were mechanically ventilated were included. Patients were divided into two age groups: infants (<12month) and older children. Lowest PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 ratios and highest mean airway pressure (MAP) were recorded on the first day of ARDS and after 72 h. OI was calculated on the first and third days of mechanical ventilation (MV) and its association with OI (first and third days) and short-term mortality evaluated at 28 days. Results: MV was initiated a mean of 2.3 days after admission (median, 1.0 day; maximum 14 days). The average MV duration for all patients was 11.8 (median, 7.0) days. Mean (95% confidence interval (CI)) OI values on the first day of MV were 14.17 (11.94–16.41), 12.72 (10.68–14.75), and 13.24 (11.73–14.74) for infants, older children, and all participants, respectively. In survivors (n=39) mean OI was 11.66 (9.64–13.68) compared with 15.22 (13.03–17.40) in non-survivors (n=31). Logistic regression analysis revealed that OI on day 3 had highly significant prognostic value for mortality (odds ratio, 256.5, 95% CI 27.1–2424, p<0.001), with an AUC of 0.919 (cut-off value, 17; positive predictive value, 0.905; negative predictive value, 0.964; p=0.0001). In contrast, OI on day 1 did not have significant prognostic value (AUC, 0.634; p=0.056) for short-term mortality. Different modes of MV were not significantly associated with outcome (p>0.05). Conclusion: OI is a simple, highly accurate, and sensitive predictor of the survival (short-term mortality) of children mechanically ventilated for ARDS. © 2020 Rsovac et al.