Arsic Arsenijevic, Valentina (6507940363)Valentina (6507940363)Arsic ArsenijevicPekmezovic, Marina G. (55327415200)Marina G. (55327415200)PekmezovicMeis, Jacques F. (55941779900)Jacques F. (55941779900)MeisHagen, Ferry (8050973500)Ferry (8050973500)Hagen2025-06-122025-06-122014https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12171https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84900471144&doi=10.1111%2fmyc.12171&partnerID=40&md5=7d2411571e4db143fd9dd859a3c92657https://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8765Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility testing of 34 clinical Serbian Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from 25 patients was retrospectively performed. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting was used for genotyping, whereas a novel real-time PCR was used to determine the mating- and serotype. The antifungals amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole were used to determine the antifungal susceptibility profiles. The majority of isolates belonged to genotype AFLP1/VNI (n = 20; 58.8%), followed by AFLP2/VNIV (n = 10; 29.4%), AFLP3/VNIII (n = 3; 8.8%) and AFLP1B/VNII (n = 1; 2.9%). All AFLP1/VNI isolates were mating-serotype αA, the sole AFLP1B/VNII isolate was found to be aA, whereas AFLP2/VNIV harboured serotype D isolates with either the a (n = 2; 5.9%) or α (n = 8; 23.5%) mating-type allele. The isolates (n = 3; 8.8%) that were found to be genotype AFLP3/VNIII had the hybrid mating- and serotype combination aA-αD. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing showed that all isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, voriconazole and posaconazole. Low resistance level was observed for fluconazole (n = 1; 2.9%) and 5-fluorocytosine. (n = 2; 5.8%). A large percentage of isolates was found to be susceptible dose dependent to itraconazole (n = 16; 47.1%). AFLP1/VNI was the most common genotype among clinical C. neoformans isolates from immunocompromised patients in Serbia. C. neoformans from HIV-negative patients were significantly less susceptible to 5-fluorocytosine (P < 0.01). Correlation between genotypes and antifungal susceptibility was not observed. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprintingAntifungal susceptibilityCryptococcus neoformansMolecular epidemiologySerotyping