Negro, Roberto (57415548200)Roberto (57415548200)NegroGreco, Gabriele (56365212700)Gabriele (56365212700)GrecoŽarković, Miloš (7003498546)Miloš (7003498546)Žarković2025-07-022025-07-022025https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04307-7https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105007762104&doi=10.1007%2fs12020-025-04307-7&partnerID=40&md5=bca9044fda99cf5e606dc55415275f0ehttps://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11530Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of symptomatic nonfunctioning benign thyroid nodules treated with laser ablation (LA) over a 10-year follow-up. Methods: This retrospective study included patients treated with LA between January 2010 and December 2014 and followed for 10 years. The patient’s nodule volume was recorded at baseline, after 6 months, and then annually from the date of the LA procedure. We assessed the volume reduction ratio (VRR), technique efficacy, regrowth rate, additional treatments (surgery or LA), and complications. Results: One hundred nine patients were included in the study cohort. The 1-year VRR was 56.3%; technique efficacy was detected in 76 of 109 patients (69.7%). Sixty-nine out of 109 (63.3%) patients did not require a second treatment (LA or surgery) and these 69/109 (63.3%) patients showed a stable VRR of 65%. Regrowth was observed in 28 of 109 (25.7%) patients. EU-TIRADS 2 category, intranodular vascularity, and delivered energy ≥500 J/mL prevented technique inefficacy, regrowth, and retreatment (LA or surgery). Transient complications occurred in 3 out of 109 (2.7%) patients. Conclusion: In this 10-year follow-up study, benign thyroid nodules submitted to LA experienced a stable VRR of 65% in more than 60% of patients. To maximize VRR and technique efficacy, LA should be particularly used in EU-TIRADS 2 nodules with intranodular vascularity that should preferably receive ≥ 500 J/mL of energy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.LaserNodulesThermal ablationThyroid