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(57209800900)KhanKhateri, Sorour (57192959720)Sorour (57192959720)KhateriKibret, Biruk Getahun (58492170100)Biruk Getahun (58492170100)KibretKorzh, Oleksii (7004882843)Oleksii (7004882843)KorzhKoulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi (57196152832)Sindhura Lakshmi (57196152832)Koulmane LaxminarayanaKrishan, Kewal (57202279708)Kewal (57202279708)KrishanKumar, Akshay (57208648681)Akshay (57208648681)KumarKumar, Manoj (57203913320)Manoj (57203913320)KumarKuttikkattu, Ambily (57860475200)Ambily (57860475200)KuttikkattuLaksono, Tri (58537561100)Tri (58537561100)LaksonoLarijani, Bagher (57205307740)Bagher (57205307740)LarijaniLe, Thao Thi Thu (57736182100)Thao Thi Thu (57736182100)LeLim, Stephen S. (57201800433)Stephen S. (57201800433)LimLiu, Xuefeng (37050047900)Xuefeng (37050047900)LiuLorkowski, Stefan (57203677656)Stefan (57203677656)LorkowskiMagdy Abd El Razek, Hassan (57195948985)Hassan (57195948985)Magdy Abd El RazekMalhotra, Kashish (57224508895)Kashish (57224508895)MalhotraManla, Yosef (57218291420)Yosef (57218291420)ManlaMaugeri, Andrea (56740683100)Andrea (56740683100)MaugeriMentis, Alexios-Fotios A. (7003278838)Alexios-Fotios A. (7003278838)MentisMestrovic, Tomislav (6507240107)Tomislav (6507240107)MestrovicMicheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina (57820156100)Ana Carolina (57820156100)Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de SáMirica, Andreea (57188983765)Andreea (57188983765)MiricaMirrakhimov, Erkin M. (57508336100)Erkin M. (57508336100)MirrakhimovMisganaw, Awoke (57202808713)Awoke (57202808713)MisganawMishra, Manish (57213025989)Manish (57213025989)MishraMohammad, Yousef (6603403710)Yousef (6603403710)MohammadMokdad, Ali H. (7004813962)Ali H. (7004813962)MokdadMoni, Mohammad Ali (35119094400)Mohammad Ali (35119094400)MoniMontasir, Ahmed Al (56049079300)Ahmed Al (56049079300)MontasirMoradi, Yousef (55338348700)Yousef (55338348700)MoradiMoraga, Paula (46761426800)Paula (46761426800)MoragaMorovatdar, Negar (55221857000)Negar (55221857000)MorovatdarMousavi-Aghdas, Seyed Ali (57202792165)Seyed Ali (57202792165)Mousavi-AghdasMurray, Christopher J.L. (57224556036)Christopher J.L. (57224556036)MurrayNaghavi, Mohsen (57207906323)Mohsen (57207906323)NaghaviNair, Tapas Sadasivan (59496484400)Tapas Sadasivan (59496484400)NairNassereldine, Hasan (57226192220)Hasan (57226192220)NassereldineNatto, Zuhair S. (37000768500)Zuhair S. (37000768500)NattoNguyen, Dang H. (57220970272)Dang H. 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(57222581892)OwolabiPadron-Monedero, Alicia (56532107100)Alicia (56532107100)Padron-MonederoPerico, Norberto (57220168045)Norberto (57220168045)PericoPetcu, Ionela-Roxana (57094897500)Ionela-Roxana (57094897500)PetcuRadfar, Amir (57215049222)Amir (57215049222)RadfarRafferty, Quinn (58623265900)Quinn (58623265900)RaffertyRahman, Mosiur (55457953000)Mosiur (55457953000)RahmanRahman, Muhammad Aziz (55327627600)Muhammad Aziz (55327627600)RahmanRam, Pradhum (55961669800)Pradhum (55961669800)RamRashedi, Sina (57222342404)Sina (57222342404)RashediRashid, Ahmed Mustafa (57463539300)Ahmed Mustafa (57463539300)RashidRawaf, Salman (6602475959)Salman (6602475959)RawafRemuzzi, Giuseppe (56466188600)Giuseppe (56466188600)RemuzziRenzaho, Andre M.N. (6505786588)Andre M.N. (6505786588)RenzahoRezaee, Malihe (57812721000)Malihe (57812721000)RezaeeRoever, Leonardo (57210591685)Leonardo (57210591685)RoeverSaad, Aly M.A. (56740147200)Aly M.A. (56740147200)SaadSaadatagah, Seyedmohammad (57210190791)Seyedmohammad (57210190791)SaadatagahSadeghi, Masoumeh (35516248000)Masoumeh (35516248000)SadeghiSahebkar, Amirhossein (26639699900)Amirhossein (26639699900)SahebkarSaleh, Mohamed A. (7201797507)Mohamed A. (7201797507)SalehSamy, Abdallah M. (36973661300)Abdallah M. (36973661300)SamySantric-Milicevic, Milena M. (57211144346)Milena M. (57211144346)Santric-MilicevicSepanlou, Sadaf G. (36248136000)Sadaf G. (36248136000)SepanlouSeylani, Allen (57222325334)Allen (57222325334)SeylaniSharfaei, Sadaf (57204003245)Sadaf (57204003245)SharfaeiShorofi, Seyed Afshin (35086976700)Seyed Afshin (35086976700)ShorofiSingh, Jasvinder A. (58179112300)Jasvinder A. (58179112300)SinghSingh, Paramdeep (57202809996)Paramdeep (57202809996)SinghSpartalis, Michael (55862161100)Michael (55862161100)SpartalisSundström, Johan (56702246400)Johan (56702246400)SundströmTan, Ker-Kan (16745396700)Ker-Kan (16745396700)TanTeramoto, Masayuki (57222309775)Masayuki (57222309775)TeramotoTharwat, Samar (57192417685)Samar (57192417685)TharwatTyrovolas, Stefanos (57207793475)Stefanos (57207793475)TyrovolasValadan Tahbaz, Sahel (57356986200)Sahel (57356986200)Valadan TahbazVan den Eynde, Jef (56507221200)Jef (56507221200)Van den EyndeVart, Priya (47661749700)Priya (47661749700)VartWang, Cong (15924372200)Cong (15924372200)WangWang, Fang (57216134149)Fang (57216134149)WangWesterman, Ronny (57218361023)Ronny (57218361023)WestermanXia, Juan (57213811326)Juan (57213811326)XiaXu, Suowen (35303824800)Suowen (35303824800)XuYada, Dereje Y. (58492171400)Dereje Y. (58492171400)YadaYamagishi, Kazumasa (35231751500)Kazumasa (35231751500)YamagishiYonemoto, Naohiro (57204947657)Naohiro (57204947657)YonemotoZahir, Mazyar (57226481652)Mazyar (57226481652)ZahirZangiabadian, Moein (57219666210)Moein (57219666210)ZangiabadianZarrintan, Armin (55368002200)Armin (55368002200)ZarrintanZastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich (56728932200)Mikhail Sergeevich (56728932200)ZastrozhinZastrozhina, Anasthasia (57210832491)Anasthasia (57210832491)ZastrozhinaZoladl, Mohammad (53980736300)Mohammad (53980736300)ZoladlHay, Simon I. (7101875313)Simon I. (7101875313)HayShin, Jae Il (57964880100)Jae Il (57964880100)ShinRoth, Gregory A. (58876328900)Gregory A. (58876328900)Roth2025-06-122025-06-122023https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00355-8https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85171294048&doi=10.1016%2fS2214-109X%2823%2900355-8&partnerID=40&md5=8ae2349bc915126f9176e07d277ba052https://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2481Background: Peripheral artery disease is a growing public health problem. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden of peripheral artery disease, its risk factors, and temporospatial trends to inform policy and public measures. Methods: Data on peripheral artery disease were modelled using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database. Prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality estimates of peripheral artery disease were extracted from GBD 2019. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rate of peripheral artery disease attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed. Findings: In 2019, the number of people aged 40 years and older with peripheral artery disease was 113 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99·2–128·4), with a global prevalence of 1·52% (95% UI 1·33–1·72), of which 42·6% was in countries with low to middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI). The global prevalence of peripheral artery disease was higher in older people, (14·91% [12·41–17·87] in those aged 80–84 years), and was generally higher in females than in males. Globally, the total number of DALYs attributable to modifiable risk factors in 2019 accounted for 69·4% (64·2–74·3) of total peripheral artery disease DALYs. The prevalence of peripheral artery disease was highest in countries with high SDI and lowest in countries with low SDI, whereas DALY and mortality rates showed U-shaped curves, with the highest burden in the high and low SDI quintiles. Interpretation: The total number of people with peripheral artery disease has increased globally from 1990 to 2019. Despite the lower prevalence of peripheral artery disease in males and low-income countries, these groups showed similar DALY rates to females and higher-income countries, highlighting disproportionate burden in these groups. Modifiable risk factors were responsible for around 70% of the global peripheral artery disease burden. Public measures could mitigate the burden of peripheral artery disease by modifying risk factors. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license