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(26029995700)OlagunjuOlufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa (57216286071)Isaac Iyinoluwa (57216286071)OlufadewaOnwujekwe, Obinna E. (7003992855)Obinna E. (7003992855)OnwujekweOpejin, Abdulahi Opejin (59129819200)Abdulahi Opejin (59129819200)OpejinOrdak, Michal (55992015900)Michal (55992015900)OrdakOsuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi (46062324800)Uchechukwu Levi (46062324800)OsuagwuOtstavnov, Nikita (57202947262)Nikita (57202947262)OtstavnovOwolabi, Mayowa O. (59372043000)Mayowa O. (59372043000)OwolabiPadubidri, Jagadish Rao (58295062300)Jagadish Rao (58295062300)PadubidriPandey, Anamika (55633420800)Anamika (55633420800)PandeyPardhan, Shahina (7003706887)Shahina (7003706887)PardhanParsaei, Amirhossein (57224364111)Amirhossein (57224364111)ParsaeiPatel, Jay (59222700400)Jay (59222700400)PatelPawar, Shrikant (58594958600)Shrikant (58594958600)PawarPerianayagam, Arokiasamy (15053062900)Arokiasamy (15053062900)PerianayagamPerumalsamy, Navaraj (57823176800)Navaraj (57823176800)PerumalsamyPetcu, Ionela-Roxana (59195104100)Ionela-Roxana (59195104100)PetcuPham, Hoang Tran (58627023500)Hoang Tran (58627023500)PhamPourazizi, Mohsen (56266621400)Mohsen (56266621400)PouraziziPrates, Elton Junio Sady (58628448600)Elton Junio Sady (58628448600)PratesQattea, Ibrahim (57222260346)Ibrahim (57222260346)QatteaRaghav, Pankaja Raghav (57208123272)Pankaja Raghav (57208123272)RaghavRahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur (57208867497)Mohammad Hifz Ur (57208867497)RahmanRahman, Mosiur (55457953000)Mosiur (55457953000)RahmanRamasamy, Shakthi Kumaran (58321724400)Shakthi Kumaran (58321724400)RamasamyRamasubramani, Premkumar (57229805800)Premkumar (57229805800)RamasubramaniRashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi (57324471900)Mohammad-Mahdi (57324471900)RashidiRedwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed (8519808500)Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed (8519808500)RedwanRezaei, Nazila (36700192900)Nazila (36700192900)RezaeiRodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia (22936575000)Jefferson Antonio Buendia (22936575000)RodriguezSaadatian, Zahra (56303466100)Zahra (56303466100)SaadatianSabour, Siamak (16307842100)Siamak (16307842100)SabourSaddik, Basema (23020079300)Basema (23020079300)SaddikSaeed, Umar (36612315100)Umar (36612315100)SaeedSafi, Sare (57219477293)Sare (57219477293)SafiSaghazadeh, Amene (55634259200)Amene (55634259200)SaghazadehSharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb (59323396800)Fatemeh Saheb (59323396800)Sharif-AskariSharif-Askari, Narjes Saheb (56160973000)Narjes Saheb (56160973000)Sharif-AskariSahebkar, Amirhossein (26639699900)Amirhossein (26639699900)SahebkarSahraian, Mohammad Ali (57219968932)Mohammad Ali (57219968932)SahraianSakshaug, Joseph W. (35300521200)Joseph W. (35300521200)SakshaugSaleh, Mohamed A. (7201797507)Mohamed A. (7201797507)SalehSamadzadeh, Sara (25951754100)Sara (25951754100)SamadzadehSamodra, Yoseph Leonardo (57363130700)Yoseph Leonardo (57363130700)SamodraSamy, Abdallah M. (36973661300)Abdallah M. (36973661300)SamySaylan, Mete (57217153417)Mete (57217153417)SaylanSelvaraj, Siddharthan (57223264725)Siddharthan (57223264725)SelvarajSethi, Yashendra (57862678600)Yashendra (57862678600)SethiSeylani, Allen (57222325334)Allen (57222325334)SeylaniShahwan, Moyad Jamal (6601974519)Moyad Jamal (6601974519)ShahwanShaikh, Masood Ali (56673685600)Masood Ali (56673685600)ShaikhShamim, Muhammad Aaqib (58030336800)Muhammad Aaqib (58030336800)ShamimShashamo, Bereket Beyene (57223025060)Bereket Beyene (57223025060)ShashamoShiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw (57214329180)Wondimeneh Shibabaw (57214329180)ShiferawShigematsu, Mika (23968093000)Mika (23968093000)ShigematsuShittu, Aminu (16418068900)Aminu (16418068900)ShittuShobeiri, Parnian (57218601156)Parnian (57218601156)ShobeiriShorofi, Seyed Afshin (35086976700)Seyed Afshin (35086976700)ShorofiSibhat, Migbar Mekonnen (57222351357)Migbar Mekonnen (57222351357)SibhatSiddig, Emmanuel Edwar (55879555400)Emmanuel Edwar (55879555400)SiddigSilva, Juan Carlos (8576007400)Juan Carlos (8576007400)SilvaSingh, Jasvinder A. (58179112300)Jasvinder A. (58179112300)SinghSingh, Paramdeep (57202809996)Paramdeep (57202809996)SinghSotoudeh, Houman (14054801700)Houman (14054801700)SotoudehSousa, Raúl A. R. C. (57218215064)Raúl A. R. C. (57218215064)SousaSreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T. (57212263335)Chandrashekhar T. (57212263335)SreeramareddyTabish, Mohammad (57211184911)Mohammad (57211184911)TabishTaheri, Majid (57196608691)Majid (57196608691)TaheriTan, Yao (59536228800)Yao (59536228800)TanTaye, Birhan Tsegaw (57221614117)Birhan Tsegaw (57221614117)TayeTemsah, Mohamad-Hani (56115852000)Mohamad-Hani (56115852000)TemsahTicoalu, Jansje Henny Vera (57580368800)Jansje Henny Vera (57580368800)TicoaluTillawi, Tala (58494559200)Tala (58494559200)TillawiTiruneh, Misganaw Guadie (57998489500)Misganaw Guadie (57998489500)TirunehTsatsakis, Aristidis (35596169100)Aristidis (35596169100)TsatsakisTsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom (57221594727)Guesh Mebrahtom (57221594727)TsegayTsilimbaris, Miltiadis K. (57216802043)Miltiadis K. (57216802043)TsilimbarisTy, Sree Sudha (57682292500)Sree Sudha (57682292500)TyUbah, Chukwudi S. (57224538923)Chukwudi S. (57224538923)UbahUmair, Muhammad (56641365200)Muhammad (56641365200)UmairTahbaz, Sahel Valadan (57216154072)Sahel Valadan (57216154072)TahbazValizadeh, Rohollah (57192641339)Rohollah (57192641339)ValizadehViskadourou, Maria (58822693600)Maria (58822693600)ViskadourouWassie, Gizachew Tadesse (57216988367)Gizachew Tadesse (57216988367)WassieWickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana (55326938000)Nuwan Darshana (55326938000)WickramasingheWondimagegn, Guadie Sharew (57194082186)Guadie Sharew (57194082186)WondimagegnYahya, Galal (55971917800)Galal (55971917800)YahyaYang, Lin (57189045362)Lin (57189045362)YangYao, Yao (57026732300)Yao (57026732300)YaoYiğit, Arzu (57820497600)Arzu (57820497600)YiğitYismaw, Yazachew (57217253497)Yazachew (57217253497)YismawYonemoto, Naohiro (57204947657)Naohiro (57204947657)YonemotoYou, Yuyi (49865138500)Yuyi (49865138500)YouZastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich (56728932200)Mikhail Sergeevich (56728932200)ZastrozhinZenebe, Getachew Assefa (6701599379)Getachew Assefa (6701599379)ZenebeZhang, Zhi-Jiang (56068578400)Zhi-Jiang (56068578400)ZhangZhao, Hanqing (59742707300)Hanqing (59742707300)ZhaoZielińska, Magdalena (58491440100)Magdalena (58491440100)ZielińskaZoladl, Mohammad (53980736300)Mohammad (53980736300)ZoladlSteinmetz, Jaimie D. (57221591053)Jaimie D. (57221591053)Steinmetz2025-07-022025-07-022024https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03106-0https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85199816077&doi=10.1038%2fs41433-024-03106-0&partnerID=40&md5=e2d5a5837b0ce565022ab02c24679f24https://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11602Background: Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a readily treatable cause of visual impairment (VI). This study provides updated estimates of global and regional vision loss due to URE, presenting temporal change for VISION 2020 Methods: Data from population-based eye disease surveys from 1980–2018 were collected. Hierarchical models estimated prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]) of blindness (presenting visual acuity (VA) < 3/60) and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60 ≤ presenting VA < 6/18) caused by URE, stratified by age, sex, region, and year. Near VI prevalence from uncorrected presbyopia was defined as presenting near VA < N6/N8 at 40 cm when best-corrected distance (VA ≥ 6/12). Results: In 2020, 3.7 million people (95%UI 3.10–4.29) were blind and 157 million (140–176) had MSVI due to URE, a 21.8% increase in blindness and 72.0% increase in MSVI since 2000. Age-standardised prevalence of URE blindness and MSVI decreased by 30.5% (30.7–30.3) and 2.4% (2.6–2.2) respectively during this time. In 2020, South Asia GBD super-region had the highest 50+ years age-standardised URE blindness (0.33% (0.26–0.40%)) and MSVI (10.3% (8.82–12.10%)) rates. The age-standardized ratio of women to men for URE blindness was 1.05:1.00 in 2020 and 1.03:1.00 in 2000. An estimated 419 million (295–562) people 50+ had near VI from uncorrected presbyopia, a +75.3% (74.6–76.0) increase from 2000 Conclusions: The number of cases of VI from URE substantively grew, even as age-standardised prevalence fell, since 2000, with a continued disproportionate burden by region and sex. Global population ageing will increase this burden, highlighting urgent need for novel approaches to refractive service delivery. © The Author(s) 2024.