Factor structure of the brief psychiatric rating scale-expanded among outpatients with psychotic disorders in five Southeast European countries: evidence for five factors

Bajraktarov, Stojan (51460959700)Stojan (51460959700)BajraktarovBlazhevska Stoilkovska, Biljana (57188881108)Biljana (57188881108)Blazhevska StoilkovskaRusso, Manuela (35764063200)Manuela (35764063200)RussoRepišti, Selman (57222097413)Selman (57222097413)RepištiMaric, Nadja P. (57226219191)Nadja P. (57226219191)MaricDzubur Kulenovic, Alma (56618369100)Alma (56618369100)Dzubur KulenovicArënliu, Aliriza (55897294800)Aliriza (55897294800)ArënliuStevovic, Lidija Injac (37079647600)Lidija Injac (37079647600)StevovicNovotni, Ljubisha (57271525100)Ljubisha (57271525100)NovotniRibic, Emina (57271110400)Emina (57271110400)RibicKonjufca, Jon (57226804826)Jon (57226804826)KonjufcaRistic, Ivan (57191339222)Ivan (57191339222)RisticNovotni, Antoni (6507294296)Antoni (6507294296)NovotniJovanovic, Nikolina (22956210600)Nikolina (22956210600)Jovanovic2025-06-122025-06-122023https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1207577https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85176801637&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyt.2023.1207577&partnerID=40&md5=cad3655b6b74e236e8b01b64fd25d323https://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3024The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is a useful tool for measuring the severity of psychopathological symptoms among patients with psychosis. Many studies, predominantly in Western countries, have investigated its factor structure. This study has the following aims: (a) to further explore the factor structure of the BPRS-Expanded version (BPRS-E, 24 items) among outpatients with psychotic disorders in Southeast European countries; (b) to confirm the identified model; and (c) to investigate the goodness-of-fit of the three competing BPRS-E factor models derived from previous studies. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) produced a solution with 21 items grouped into five factors, thus supporting the existence of a fifth factor, i.e., Disorganization. A follow-up confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed a 19-item model (with two items removed) that fit the data well. In addition, the stability of two out of three competing factor models was confirmed. Finally, the BPRS-E model with 5 factors developed in this cross-national study was found to include a greater number of items compared to competing models. Copyright © 2023 Bajraktarov, Blazhevska Stoilkovska, Russo, Repišti, Maric, Dzubur Kulenovic, Arënliu, Stevovic, Novotni, Ribic, Konjufca, Ristic, Novotni and Jovanovic.BPRS-E scaleconfirmatory factor analysiscross-national studyfactor structureoutpatients with psychotic disordersprincipal axis factoringFactor structure of the brief psychiatric rating scale-expanded among outpatients with psychotic disorders in five Southeast European countries: evidence for five factors