Milosevic, Emina (24822544200)Emina (24822544200)MilosevicDujmovic, Irena (6701590899)Irena (6701590899)DujmovicMarkovic, Milos (7101935774)Milos (7101935774)MarkovicMesaros, Sarlota (7004307592)Sarlota (7004307592)MesarosRakocevic, Goran (57040994000)Goran (57040994000)RakocevicDrulovic, Jelena (55886929900)Jelena (55886929900)DrulovicStojkovic, Marija Mostarica (6701741422)Marija Mostarica (6701741422)StojkovicPopadic, Dusan (6602255798)Dusan (6602255798)Popadic2025-07-022025-07-022015https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.07.011https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84943241789&doi=10.1016%2fj.jneuroim.2015.07.011&partnerID=40&md5=67efd07a047190b9d6b87a9dfe46ec74https://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/13463Cytokines produced by helper T (Th)1 cells, Th17 and regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) immunopathogenesis. Interferon (IFN)-β alters the numerous genes' expression, but how this alteration affects the treatment response is still elusive. We assessed relative gene expression of nineteen Th1/Th17/Treg-associated mediators in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma levels of GM-CSF, IL-17A and IL-17F, in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients before IFN-β1b treatment initiation and at 6, 12, 24 and 36. months of therapy. All mRNA levels changed significantly during the IFN-β1b therapy. Higher IL-12Rβ2 mRNA levels were associated with lower risk of relapse. Despite recent reports regarding role of GM-CSF in MS, our study failed to demonstrate its significance as therapy response biomarker, both on the mRNA and protein level. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.Gene expressionGranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factorInterferon-βInterleukin-12 receptor β2 subunitMultiple sclerosisTherapy response