Bogojevic, Milan (57208085776)Milan (57208085776)BogojevicMarkovic Vlaisavljevic, Milica (59344794900)Milica (59344794900)Markovic VlaisavljevicMedjedovic, Rifat (59345337600)Rifat (59345337600)MedjedovicStrujic, Elvira (59344587200)Elvira (59344587200)StrujicPravilovic Lutovac, Dragana (59345121400)Dragana (59345121400)Pravilovic LutovacPavlov-Dolijanovic, Slavica (8452470400)Slavica (8452470400)Pavlov-Dolijanovic2025-06-122025-06-122024https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185550https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85205046867&doi=10.3390%2fjcm13185550&partnerID=40&md5=b00d66d86c71249625580e4564e6cf4dhttps://remedy.med.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/861Background/Objectives: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are rare autoimmune disorders characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness and varying extra-muscular manifestations. The latest 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria classify them into subgroups. This study aims to evaluate the role of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in IIMs by comparing capillaroscopic patterns across different IIM subtypes. Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study at the Institute of Rheumatology in Belgrade, analyzing 90 patients diagnosed with IIMs per the 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria. Patients were categorized into dermatomyositis (DM) (n = 37), polymyositis (PM) (n = 35), amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) (n = 13), and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) (n = 5). A control group of 35 patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon was also included. NFC findings, clinical manifestations, and laboratory data were compared across the groups. Results: In DM, 81.9% exhibited a scleroderma capillaroscopic pattern, which was also present in 76.9% of ADM patients. In PM, the most common pattern was nonspecific changes (48.6%). JDM patients showed a high prevalence of scleroderma changes (n = 4 (80%)). Scleroderma patterns correlated with Gottron’s papules, heliotrope rash, periungual erythema, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and interstitial lung disease (ILD). No significant differences were found in laboratory parameters across capillaroscopic groups, except for a higher prevalence of anti-Jo1 antibodies in patients with nonspecific capillaroscopic changes. Conclusions: NFC is a valuable tool for differentiating IIM subtypes and correlating clinical manifestations with specific capillaroscopic patterns. The high prevalence of scleroderma changes in DM and ADM suggests their potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in IIMs. Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to validate these findings. © 2024 by the authors.dermatomyositisidiopathic inflammatory myopathiesnailfold capillaroscopypolymyositisscleroderma pattern